Which of the following would the nurse most likely expect to find when assessing a client diagnosed with a frontal lobe contusion (in the Broca's Area) following a motor vehicle accident?

Blurred vision

Difficulty speaking

Loss of tactile sensation

inability to hear high-pitched sounds

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A.   Blurred vision is generally associated with visual system issues, which involve the occipital lobe or the visual pathways rather than the frontal lobe. Broca’s area, located in the frontal lobe, is involved in speech production and not in vision processing.
B.   Difficulty speaking is a key symptom associated with damage to Broca’s area, which is located in the frontal lobe and responsible for speech production. A contusion in this area can lead to expressive aphasia, where the individual has trouble forming grammatically correct sentences and articulating words, while comprehension remains relatively intact.
C.   Loss of tactile sensation would generally be associated with damage to the parietal lobe, where the primary somatosensory cortex is located. The parietal lobe processes sensory information such as touch, temperature, and pain. Since Broca’s area is located in the frontal lobe and primarily deals with language production, loss of tactile sensation is not typically expected from a frontal lobe contusion affecting Broca's area.
D.   Inability to hear high-pitched sounds relates to issues with the auditory pathways or structures involved in hearing, such as the temporal lobe or the auditory cortex, not the frontal lobe. The frontal lobe and Broca’s area do not directly control auditory perception.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. The trigeminal nerve (CN V) primarily controls sensation in the face and the muscles of mastication (chewing). While it is crucial for sensory input and motor control related to chewing, it does not directly control the movement of the tongue.
B. The hypoglossal nerve (CN XII) is responsible for controlling the movements of the tongue. A lesion of CN XII can cause the tongue to deviate towards the side of the weakness or damage. This is because the hypoglossal nerve innervates the muscles of the tongue, and damage to it results in weakness of the muscles on the affected side, causing the tongue to deviate towards that side when protruded.
C. The facial nerve (CN VII) controls the muscles of facial expression. While it affects facial movements and expressions, it does not control the movements of the tongue. A lesion in CN VII would typically result in facial asymmetry or weakness rather than tongue deviation.
D. The olfactory nerve (CN I) is responsible for the sense of smell. It does not have any role in controlling tongue movement. Therefore, a lesion in CN I would not cause deviation of the tongue.

A. perseveration B. flight of ideas C. derailment D. confabulation E. negative Babinski reflex

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Perseveration refers to the repetition of a particular response or behavior despite the cessation of the stimulus that prompted it. This often occurs in individuals with neurological disorders, where they keep repeating the same word, phrase, or action.
B. Flight of ideas is a rapid flow of thoughts where the person moves quickly from one topic to another, often with tangential or disconnected ideas. It is commonly observed in conditions such as mania or hypomania.
C. Derailment, also known as loosening of associations, is a thought disorder where a person’s speech goes off-topic and seems disorganized. The connections between ideas are loose or fragmented, making the conversation difficult to follow.
D. Confabulation is a memory disturbance where a person creates false memories or fabricated details to fill in gaps in their memory. The individual does not intentionally deceive but genuinely believes their fabricated information is true.

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Which of the following would the nurse most likely expect to find when assessing a client diagnosed with a frontal lobe contusion (in the Broca's Area) following a motor vehicle accident?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is performing a physical examination on a patient. When the patient is asked to protrude his tongue, the nurse noticed a deviation from the midline to the right side. This is related to a lesion of:

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

While conducting an assessment the nurse suspects that a client is making up things in response to specific questions. What behavior is this client demonstrating?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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