Which of the following would the nurse most likely expect to find when assessing a client diagnosed with a frontal lobe contusion (in the Broca's Area) following a motor vehicle accident?

Blurred vision

Difficulty speaking

Loss of tactile sensation

inability to hear high-pitched sounds

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A.   Blurred vision is generally associated with visual system issues, which involve the occipital lobe or the visual pathways rather than the frontal lobe. Broca’s area, located in the frontal lobe, is involved in speech production and not in vision processing.
B.   Difficulty speaking is a key symptom associated with damage to Broca’s area, which is located in the frontal lobe and responsible for speech production. A contusion in this area can lead to expressive aphasia, where the individual has trouble forming grammatically correct sentences and articulating words, while comprehension remains relatively intact.
C.   Loss of tactile sensation would generally be associated with damage to the parietal lobe, where the primary somatosensory cortex is located. The parietal lobe processes sensory information such as touch, temperature, and pain. Since Broca’s area is located in the frontal lobe and primarily deals with language production, loss of tactile sensation is not typically expected from a frontal lobe contusion affecting Broca's area.
D.   Inability to hear high-pitched sounds relates to issues with the auditory pathways or structures involved in hearing, such as the temporal lobe or the auditory cortex, not the frontal lobe. The frontal lobe and Broca’s area do not directly control auditory perception.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. The trigeminal nerve (CN V) primarily controls sensation in the face and the muscles of mastication (chewing). While it is crucial for sensory input and motor control related to chewing, it does not directly control the movement of the tongue.
B. The hypoglossal nerve (CN XII) is responsible for controlling the movements of the tongue. A lesion of CN XII can cause the tongue to deviate towards the side of the weakness or damage. This is because the hypoglossal nerve innervates the muscles of the tongue, and damage to it results in weakness of the muscles on the affected side, causing the tongue to deviate towards that side when protruded.
C. The facial nerve (CN VII) controls the muscles of facial expression. While it affects facial movements and expressions, it does not control the movements of the tongue. A lesion in CN VII would typically result in facial asymmetry or weakness rather than tongue deviation.
D. The olfactory nerve (CN I) is responsible for the sense of smell. It does not have any role in controlling tongue movement. Therefore, a lesion in CN I would not cause deviation of the tongue.

A. Extinction B. Stereognosis C. Proprioception D. Two-point discrimination

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Extinction refers to the phenomenon where a person fails to recognize a stimulus on one side of the body when another stimulus is presented simultaneously on the opposite side. This is often tested in cases of neurological impairment, particularly in the context of sensory neglect or loss
B. Stereognosis is the ability to identify an object by touch and proprioception without visual input. It involves recognizing the shape, size, and texture of an object solely through tactile information. Placing a coin in the patient’s hand and asking them to identify it with their eyes closed tests their ability to use tactile information to recognize objects, making stereognosis the correct term for this assessment.
C. Proprioception is the sense of the position and movement of the body and its parts. It involves awareness of body position in space, which is crucial for coordination and balance. While important, proprioception does not specifically involve identifying objects by touch alone; it is more about the awareness of body position.
D. Two-point discrimination is the ability to distinguish between two closely spaced points of contact on the skin. It tests the sensitivity of the skin to touch and is often used to assess sensory nerve function. It does not involve identifying objects by touch but rather measuring how well one can discern between two separate points of contact.

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Which of the following would the nurse most likely expect to find when assessing a client diagnosed with a frontal lobe contusion (in the Broca's Area) following a motor vehicle accident?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is performing a physical examination on a patient. When the patient is asked to protrude his tongue, the nurse noticed a deviation from the midline to the right side. This is related to a lesion of:

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The nurse places a coin in the patient's hand, the patient is with eyes closed. The ability to identify an object by feeling it is defined as:

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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