A nurse is conducting a review class for a group of perinatal nurses working at the local clinic. The clinic sees a high population of women who are HIV positive. After discussing the recommendations for antiretroviral therapy with the group, the nurse determines that the teaching was successful when the group identifies which rationale as the underlying principle for the therapy?
adjunct therapy to radiation and chemotherapy
treatment of opportunistic infections
reduction in viral loads in the blood
can cure acute HIV/AIDS infections
The Correct Answer is C
A. adjunct therapy to radiation and chemotherapy:
This option is not applicable to HIV/AIDS treatment. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is specifically used to treat HIV infection by targeting the replication of the virus. It is not used as adjunct therapy to radiation or chemotherapy, which are treatments typically used for cancer.
B. treatment of opportunistic infections:
While antiretroviral therapy (ART) can help prevent opportunistic infections by boosting the immune system, its primary purpose is not the treatment of these infections. Rather, ART focuses on suppressing the replication of the HIV virus itself.
C. reduction in viral loads in the blood:
This is the correct rationale for antiretroviral therapy. The main goal of ART is to reduce the viral load in the blood to undetectable levels. By doing so, ART helps to slow the progression of HIV infection, improve immune function, and reduce the risk of transmitting the virus to others.
D. can cure acute HIV/AIDS infections:
This statement is incorrect. While antiretroviral therapy (ART) is highly effective in controlling HIV infection and preventing progression to AIDS, it does not cure acute HIV/AIDS infections. HIV remains a chronic condition that requires lifelong management with ART.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. 24 hours before birth and 24 hours after birth:
This option suggests administering Rho(D) immune globulin (RhIg) both before and after birth. However, the standard recommendation is to administer RhIg at 28 weeks' gestation and again within 72 hours after birth. Administering RhIg before birth in this manner is not a standard practice for preventing Rh isoimmunization.
B. At 28 weeks' gestation and again within 72 hours after birth:
This is the correct choice. Administering RhIg at 28 weeks' gestation helps prevent sensitization of the Rh-negative mother to Rh-positive fetal blood cells that may have entered her circulation during pregnancy. Administering it again within 72 hours after birth helps prevent sensitization from any Rh-positive fetal blood cells that may have entered the mother's circulation during delivery.
C. At 32 weeks' gestation and immediately before discharge:
Administering RhIg at 32 weeks' gestation is not the standard recommendation. The standard timing is at 28 weeks' gestation to cover the critical period of sensitization during pregnancy. Administering it immediately before discharge may not provide adequate protection if sensitization has already occurred during pregnancy.
D. In the first trimester and within 2 hours of birth:
Administering RhIg in the first trimester is not a routine practice unless there is a specific indication, such as miscarriage or invasive procedures that may lead to fetal-maternal hemorrhage. Administering it within 2 hours of birth alone does not provide adequate protection against sensitization during pregnancy. The standard recommendation is to administer RhIg at 28 weeks' gestation and again within 72 hours after birth to cover the critical periods of sensitization during pregnancy and delivery.
Correct Answer is ["A","D","E"]
Explanation
A. Rectocele:
A rectocele is a type of pelvic organ prolapse where the rectum bulges into the back wall of the vagina. Management and care of women with rectocele are relevant to the topic of pelvic organ prolapse.
B. Fecal incontinence:
Fecal incontinence refers to the inability to control bowel movements, which is not a typical symptom or complication of pelvic organ prolapse. While pelvic floor dysfunction can contribute to fecal incontinence, it is not the primary focus of care for women with pelvic organ prolapse.
C. Urinary incontinence:
Urinary incontinence, particularly stress urinary incontinence, can coexist with pelvic organ prolapse due to pelvic floor muscle weakness. However, urinary incontinence is a separate condition that may require different management approaches compared to pelvic organ prolapse. While relevant in the context of pelvic floor dysfunction, urinary incontinence is not specific to the care of women with pelvic organ prolapse.
D. Cystocele:
A cystocele is a type of pelvic organ prolapse where the bladder protrudes into the front wall of the vagina. Management and care of women with cystocele are also pertinent to the topic of pelvic organ prolapse.
E. Enterocele:
An enterocele is a type of pelvic organ prolapse where the small intestine bulges into the upper vaginal wall. Information about the care of women with enterocele would be expected in a journal article about pelvic organ prolapse.
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