A woman comes to the clinic and asks the nurse about when she should have her first mammogram. The woman is at low risk and has no family history of breast cancer. Using the recommendations of the American Cancer Society, the nurse would suggest the woman have her first mammogram at which age?

30 years

35 years

45 years

40 years

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. 30 years:

The American Cancer Society does not recommend routine mammograms for women at average risk and with no family history of breast cancer starting at age 30. Mammograms at this age are generally not considered necessary unless there are specific risk factors or symptoms present that warrant earlier screening.

B. 35 years:

Similarly, the American Cancer Society does not recommend routine mammograms for women at average risk and with no family history of breast cancer starting at age 35. While early detection is important, routine screening mammography typically begins at a later age for women at average risk.

C. 45 years:

This is the correct choice according to the American Cancer Society's recommendations. For women at average risk and with no family history of breast cancer, the American Cancer Society suggests starting annual mammograms at age 45. This age was determined based on evidence indicating that screening mammography in this age group can effectively detect breast cancer and reduce mortality rates associated with the disease.

D. 40 years:

While some organizations, such as the American College of Radiology and the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, recommend starting routine mammograms at age 40, the American Cancer Society suggests starting at age 45 for women at average risk and with no family history of breast cancer. The choice to begin screening at age 45 aligns with evidence-based recommendations and balances the benefits of early detection with the potential harms of false positives and overdiagnosis in younger women.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Battering: This phase involves the actual violent and abusive behavior, where the perpetrator inflicts harm or abuse upon the victim. It is characterized by physical, emotional, or psychological abuse.

B. Honeymoon: The honeymoon phase follows the period of violence or abuse. During this phase, the perpetrator may apologize, show remorse, and express love and affection toward the victim. The perpetrator may also promise to change their behavior and make efforts to reconcile with the victim.

C. Tension-building: The tension-building phase is characterized by increasing tension, anger, and hostility in the relationship. Minor conflicts and stressors escalate, leading to a buildup of tension between the partners. This phase often precedes the occurrence of the violent or abusive episode.

D. Reconciliation: The reconciliation phase occurs after the violent or abusive episode, during which the perpetrator attempts to reconcile with the victim. This phase may involve apologies, promises to change, and expressions of regret. However, it is important to note that the reconciliation phase may be temporary and may cycle back into the tension-building phase, leading to another episode of violence.

A. oligohydramnios B. preeclampsia C. chorioamnionitis D. post-term labor

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Oligohydramnios:

Oligohydramnios refers to a condition where there is too little amniotic fluid surrounding the fetus in the womb. It can be concerning because amniotic fluid plays a crucial role in protecting and cushioning the fetus, aiding in lung development, and preventing compression of the umbilical cord. While oligohydramnios can be a complication in pregnancy, it's not necessarily more common or specific to twin pregnancies compared to singleton pregnancies.

B. Preeclampsia:

Preeclampsia is a serious pregnancy complication characterized by high blood pressure and signs of damage to other organ systems, such as the liver and kidneys. It usually develops after 20 weeks of pregnancy and can lead to serious complications for both the mother and the babies if not managed properly. Multiple pregnancies, including twins, are considered a risk factor for developing preeclampsia. Therefore, pregnant women carrying twins require close monitoring for signs and symptoms of preeclampsia.

C. Chorioamnionitis:

Chorioamnionitis is an infection of the fetal membranes (chorion and amnion) and amniotic fluid. It typically occurs due to bacterial infection ascending from the vagina into the uterus, often during prolonged labor or rupture of membranes. While chorioamnionitis is a concern in pregnancy, it's not necessarily more common in twin pregnancies compared to singleton pregnancies.

D. Post-term labor:

Post-term labor refers to labor that begins after 42 weeks of gestation. Prolonged pregnancy beyond the due date can increase the risks of complications for both the mother and the baby, including fetal distress, macrosomia (large birth weight), and meconium aspiration. Post-term labor can occur in both singleton and multiple pregnancies, but it's not specifically more associated with twin pregnancies.

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A woman comes to the clinic and asks the nurse about when she should have her first mammogram. The woman is at low risk and has no family history of breast cancer. Using the recommendations of the American Cancer Society, the nurse would suggest the woman have her first mammogram at which age?

Nursing Test Bank

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When describing an episode of intimate partner violence, the victim reports attempting to calm the partner down to keep things from escalating. The nurse interprets this behavior as reflecting which phase of the cycle of violence?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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