A nurse is creating a plan of care for prostate screening in high-risk populations. Which of the following is an important consideration?
Prostate cancer mortality is more than double for Black American males than for other groups.
Occupational toxic exposure among factory workers increases rates of prostate cancer.
Dietary factors can increase the risk of prostate cancer mortality by as much as 50%.
The best way to determine prostate cancer risk is to have a computed tomography scan.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale
Prostate cancer mortality is more than double for Black American males than for other groups. This is a significant consideration when creating a plan of care for prostate screening in high- risk populations. Black American males have a higher incidence and mortality rate of prostate cancer compared to other racial and ethnic groups. This disparity is attributed to a combination of genetic, socioeconomic, and healthcare access factors. Therefore, targeted screening and early detection efforts are crucial for this high-risk population to improve outcomes and reduce mortality rates.
Choice B rationale
Occupational toxic exposure among factory workers can increase the risk of various cancers, including prostate cancer. However, this is not the most important consideration when creating a plan of care for prostate screening in high-risk populations. While occupational exposure is a risk factor, it does not have the same level of impact on prostate cancer incidence and mortality as race and family history. Screening efforts should prioritize those with the highest risk, such as Black American males and individuals with a family history of prostate cancer.
Choice C rationale
Dietary factors can influence the risk of prostate cancer, but the impact is not as significant as other risk factors such as race and family history. While a healthy diet is important for overall health and may help reduce cancer risk, it is not the primary consideration for prostate screening in high-risk populations. Screening efforts should focus on those with the highest risk based on genetic and demographic factors, rather than dietary habits alone.
Choice D rationale
A computed tomography (CT) scan is not the best way to determine prostate cancer risk. The primary screening method for prostate cancer is the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) blood test, often combined with a digital rectal exam (DRE). CT scans are not typically used for initial screening but may be employed for further evaluation if there are abnormal findings on PSA or DRE. The focus should be on using established screening methods to identify high-risk individuals and provide early detection and intervention.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
While chest pain can occur after pacemaker insertion, it is not the primary concern immediately following the procedure. The nurse should monitor for more critical complications such as arrhythmias, which can indicate pacemaker malfunction or lead displacement.
Choice B rationale
Infection is a potential complication after pacemaker insertion, but it typically develops over a longer period. Immediate monitoring should focus on acute complications such as arrhythmias.
Choice C rationale
Bleeding is a concern after any surgical procedure, including pacemaker insertion. However, the primary immediate concern is monitoring for arrhythmias, which can indicate issues with the pacemaker’s function.
Choice D rationale
Arrhythmias are the primary concern immediately following pacemaker insertion. The nurse should monitor the client for any irregular heart rhythms, which can indicate pacemaker malfunction or lead displacement. Prompt identification and management of arrhythmias are crucial to ensure the pacemaker is functioning correctly.
Correct Answer is ["C"]
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Hypercyanotic spells, also known as “tet spells,” are typically associated with Tetralogy of Fallot, a congenital heart defect. The child in this scenario has congenital mitral stenosis, not Tetralogy of Fallot, making hypercyanotic spells less likely.
Choice B rationale
A murmur is a sound made by turbulent blood flow within the heart. While the child may have a murmur due to congenital mitral stenosis, it is not a direct risk associated with the exacerbation of heart failure. The primary concern here is the risk of digitalis toxicity due to the administration of furosemide.
Choice C rationale
Digitalis toxicity is a significant risk for this child. Furosemide, a diuretic, can cause electrolyte imbalances, particularly hypokalemia, which increases the risk of digitalis toxicity. Symptoms of digitalis toxicity include nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and arrhythmias.
Choice D rationale
Dependent rubor is a reddish-blue discoloration of the extremities, typically associated with peripheral arterial disease. It is not directly related to heart failure or the administration of furosemide.
Choice E rationale
Fever is not a typical complication of heart failure or the administration of furosemide. It is more commonly associated with infections or inflammatory conditions.
Choice F rationale
Carditis, or inflammation of the heart, is not a direct risk associated with the exacerbation of heart failure or the administration of furosemide. The primary concern remains digitalis toxicity.
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