A nurse is discussing risk factors for pulmonary edema with a group of patients. Which of the following conditions or factors is a known risk factor for the development of pulmonary edema?
Regular physical exercise
Low blood pressure (hypotension)
Adequate fluid intake
Chronic kidney disease
The Correct Answer is D
A) Incorrect. Regular physical exercise is generally a healthy behavior and is not a risk factor for pulmonary edema.
B) Incorrect. Low blood pressure (hypotension) is not a risk factor for pulmonary edema; in fact, high blood pressure (hypertension) is a more common risk factor.
C) Incorrect. Adequate fluid intake is important for overall health but is not a direct risk factor for pulmonary edema.
D) Correct. Chronic kidney disease can lead to fluid and electrolyte imbalances, which can contribute to the development of pulmonary edema.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A) Incorrect. Atrial contraction contributes to ventricular filling but is not typically the primary site of impairment in heart failure leading to pulmonary edema.
B) Incorrect. Ventricular relaxation (diastole) is necessary for ventricular filling, but the impaired contraction during systole is a more common issue in heart failure.
C) Correct. Impaired ventricular contraction (systole) in heart failure results in reduced forward flow of blood and leads to fluid backup in the lungs, contributing to pulmonary edema.
D) Incorrect. Electrical conduction in the heart may affect heart rhythm but is not directly related to the development of pulmonary edema.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A) Correct. Atrial fibrillation is a cardiac arrhythmia that can lead to heart failure, which is a common etiological factor for pulmonary edema.
B) Incorrect. Hypothyroidism is not typically a direct cause of pulmonary edema.
C) Incorrect. While COPD can lead to respiratory-related symptoms, it is not a direct cause of pulmonary edema.
D) Incorrect. Rheumatoid arthritis is not a known cause of pulmonary edema.
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