A nurse is discussing the process of evidence-based practice (EBP). Which of the following sources should the nurse identify as being examples of credible sources of information? (Select All that Apply.)

Explanation:

A. Place the head of the client's bed flat:

This action is not appropriate because lying flat can worsen dyspnea in many cases. It can restrict lung expansion and make breathing more difficult. Instead, the nurse should elevate the head of the bed or position the client in a semi-Fowler's or high-Fowler's position to facilitate easier breathing.

B. Perform nasotracheal suctioning for the client:

Nasotracheal suctioning is not indicated for dyspnea unless there is a specific medical reason, such as airway obstruction or excessive secretions. Performing suctioning without a clear indication can cause discomfort and may not address the underlying cause of dyspnea.

C. Increase the heat in the client's room:

Adjusting the room temperature is generally not a direct intervention for dyspnea. While maintaining a comfortable environment is important, dyspnea is usually managed through other means such as medication and positioning.

D. Administer an opioid narcotic to the client:

This is the most appropriate action among the choices provided. Opioid narcotics, such as morphine, are commonly used to alleviate dyspnea in end-of-life care. They help reduce the sensation of breathlessness, calm respiratory distress, and improve overall comfort for the client.

Explanation:

A. "There are 4 rights of delegation."

This statement is not entirely accurate. Delegation involves several principles, including the right task, right circumstances, right person, right direction/communication, and right supervision/evaluation. Therefore, simply stating "4 rights" does not fully encompass the principles of delegation.

B. “The nurse manager is responsible for delegating nursing tasks during each shift."

This statement is incorrect. While the nurse manager may have oversight and authority regarding delegation policies and procedures, it is typically the responsibility of the delegating nurse (the one assigning tasks) to delegate appropriate tasks to qualified individuals based on their competency and scope of practice.

C. "It is the duty of the delegatee to perform a task without asking questions when it is delegated."

This statement is not accurate and could lead to misunderstandings or errors. Effective delegation involves clear communication, which includes the opportunity for the delegatee to ask questions if they are unsure about any aspect of the delegated task. Encouraging questions helps ensure that the task is understood and performed safely and appropriately.

D. “I am responsible for ensuring that a delegated task is completed."

This statement demonstrates understanding of delegation principles. The delegating nurse (the one assigning tasks) is indeed responsible for ensuring that delegated tasks are appropriate, communicated effectively, and completed according to established standards. This includes providing necessary guidance, supervision, and follow-up to ensure task completion and quality of care.