A nurse is discussing the process of evidence-based practice (EBP). Which of the following sources should the nurse identify as being examples of credible sources of information? (Select All that Apply.)

Explanation:

A. Encourage family members to call the client: This option focuses on utilizing the client's existing support system, particularly family members, to maintain communication and emotional connection. Regular phone calls from family members can provide comfort, reassurance, and a sense of belonging, all of which are crucial in reducing social isolation, especially during end-of-life care.

B. Instruct the client to join an online support group: This option suggests using technology to connect the client with others who may be going through similar experiences. Online support groups can offer valuable emotional support and a sense of community. However, this approach may not be suitable for all clients, especially if they are not comfortable or familiar with online platforms, or if they prefer face-to-face interactions.

C. Schedule home visits with the client: This option emphasizes personal, one-on-one interaction by scheduling regular home visits. Home visits allow healthcare providers, family members, and other supportive individuals to be physically present with the client, providing not only emotional support but also addressing any physical or comfort needs the client may have.

D. Ask the client's friends to text the client: Texting is a convenient and quick way to communicate, but it may lack the depth of connection provided by voice calls or in-person interactions. While texting can be an additional method of staying in touch, especially for quick updates or reminders, it may not be sufficient on its own to reduce social isolation significantly.

Explanation:

A. Avoid touching the client:

While it's essential to be gentle and respectful when touching an unresponsive client, avoiding all touch may not be appropriate. Touch can be a comforting and reassuring gesture, and many clients at the end of life benefit from gentle touch, such as holding their hand or providing a gentle massage.

B. Continue to talk to the client as if they are awake:

Talking to the client, even if they are unresponsive, is encouraged. Hearing is often the last sense to diminish, and talking to the client in a soothing and reassuring manner can provide comfort and a sense of presence. The nurse should speak calmly and compassionately, addressing the client by name and providing updates on care activities.

C. Limit the client's visitors to one at a time:

Limiting the number of visitors and controlling the environment can help maintain a calm and peaceful atmosphere for the client. However, the specific number of visitors allowed at a time may vary based on the client's preferences, cultural considerations, and facility policies. It's important to respect the client's wishes regarding visitors while ensuring their comfort and well-being.

D. Whisper when talking in the client's room:

Whispering may not be necessary unless the client is particularly sensitive to loud noises. Speaking in a calm and gentle tone is generally more appropriate, as it allows the client to hear clearly without causing unnecessary strain or confusion.