A nurse is educating a client that is newly prescribed with prazosin for hypertension.Which of the following statements should the nurse include in her education about this medication?
This medication should be started at the lowest dose and taken at night.
Start this medication at the highest dose possible.
No need to monitor your blood pressure with the first dose of this medication.
This medication will control your hypertension within a week.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale
Prazosin, an alpha-blocker, is often started at the lowest dose and taken at night to minimize the risk of orthostatic hypotension, a sudden drop in blood pressure upon standing.
Choice B rationale
Starting prazosin at the highest dose is not recommended due to the risk of severe orthostatic hypotension, which can lead to dizziness and fainting.
Choice C rationale
It is important to monitor blood pressure with the first dose of prazosin to assess the patient's response and avoid significant drops in blood pressure.
Choice D rationale
Prazosin may take several weeks to achieve full therapeutic effect. It does not control hypertension within a week.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Decongestants relieve nasal congestion by reducing swelling of the nasal passages.
Choice B rationale
Mucolytics thin and loosen mucus in the airways, making it easier to cough up.
Choice C rationale
Antitussives suppress coughing.
Choice D rationale
Expectorants, like guaifenesin, help thin and loosen mucus, making it easier to clear from the airways.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Tumor enhancer genes are not typically a recognized category in cancer genetics. Proto-oncogenes and DNA repair genes are relevant to cancer development.
Choice B rationale
This choice is incorrect as there are genes like proto-oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes, and DNA repair genes that play roles in cancer.
Choice C rationale
This choice is partially correct but incomplete without including DNA repair genes, which are also crucial in cancer prevention.
Choice D rationale
This choice is correct as proto-oncogenes can become oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes prevent uncontrolled cell growth, and DNA repair genes fix DNA mutations that can lead to cancer.
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