A nurse is educating a client who has a positive pregnancy test about common discomforts in the first trimester of pregnancy and warning signs of potential danger.
Which of the following manifestations should the nurse instruct the client to report to the clinic?
Facial edema
Nausea and vomiting
Leukorrhea
Urinary frequency
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale
Facial edema, or swelling, can be a sign of preeclampsia, a serious condition that can occur during pregnancy. Preeclampsia is characterized by high blood pressure and damage to organs such as the liver and kidneys. If a pregnant woman notices sudden or severe swelling in her face or hands, she should seek medical attention immediately.
Choice B rationale
Nausea and vomiting are common discomforts during the first trimester of pregnancy. They are often caused by hormonal changes and usually resolve by the second trimester. While they can be uncomfortable, they are not typically a sign of a serious problem.
Choice C rationale
Leukorrhea, or a thin, milky white vaginal discharge, is normal during pregnancy. It is caused by increased estrogen production and greater blood flow to the pelvic area. However, if the discharge changes in color, consistency, or smell, or if it is associated with itching or burning, it could be a sign of an infection and should be reported to a healthcare provider.
Choice D rationale
Increased urinary frequency is a common symptom in early pregnancy. It is caused by hormonal changes and increased blood flow to the kidneys. While it can be inconvenient, it is not typically a sign of a serious problem.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
At around 20-22 weeks of gestation, the top of the uterus (fundus) is typically at the level of the belly button (navel)10111213.
Choice B rationale
The fundus being 3 cm below the umbilicus would be more typical of an earlier stage of pregnancy.
Choice C rationale
The fundus being 3 cm above the umbilicus would be more typical of a later stage of pregnancy.
Choice D rationale
At 22 weeks of gestation, the fundus is typically slightly above the umbilicus.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
While it’s true that the growing uterus can exert pressure on the stomach and cause symptoms such as heartburn, this is more common in the later stages of pregnancy, not as early as 12 weeks.
Choice B rationale
Increased progesterone production does cause decreased motility of smooth muscle during pregnancy. This can lead to a variety of gastrointestinal symptoms, including heartburn. However, this is not the primary cause of heartburn during pregnancy.
Choice C rationale
Retained bile in the liver does not typically result in heartburn. Bile is produced by the liver and aids in the digestion of fats. If bile is retained in the liver, it can lead to conditions such as cholestasis, but it is not a direct cause of heartburn.
Choice D rationale
Increased estrogen production does not directly cause an increase in the secretion of hydrochloric acid. However, the hormonal changes that occur during pregnancy, including increased levels of progesterone, can relax the lower esophageal sphincter. This relaxation can allow gastric acid to escape into the esophagus, causing heartburn.
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