A nurse is educating a client who has gestational diabetes mellitus. Which of the following disease management strategies should the nurse include?

Consume 2,800 calories daily during the third trimester.

Distribute daily calories among three meals and three snacks.

Maintain a blood glucose level between 100 to 130 mg/dL before meals.

Restrict daily carbohydrate intake to 60% of total caloric intake.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Consume 2,800 calories daily during the third trimester.: The caloric needs during pregnancy vary, but 2,800 calories might be excessive for someone with gestational diabetes. The focus should be on maintaining a balanced diet that helps control blood glucose levels rather than meeting a specific caloric target.

B. Distribute daily calories among three meals and three snacks.: Distributing calories throughout the day with balanced meals and snacks can help manage blood glucose levels and prevent significant spikes or drops. This approach is commonly recommended for managing gestational diabetes.

C. Maintain a blood glucose level between 100 to 130 mg/dL before meals.: The target for fasting blood glucose levels in gestational diabetes is generally less than 95 mg/dL. Maintaining blood glucose levels within this range is crucial to manage the condition effectively.

D. Restrict daily carbohydrate intake to 60% of total caloric intake.: Carbohydrate intake should be managed carefully, but it is not typically restricted to a specific percentage like 60%. Instead, a balanced approach with an emphasis on complex carbohydrates and monitoring individual responses is recommended.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A) Administer a sedative medication to the client: While sedative medications can help manage acute anxiety, they should not be the first intervention. Medication administration comes after attempting non-pharmacological strategies to de-escalate the situation.

B) Encourage strenuous physical activity to decrease tension: Strenuous physical activity can sometimes exacerbate anxiety rather than alleviate it, particularly during a panic-level episode. It might not be safe or effective for immediate calming.

C) Encourage the client to explore feelings that contribute to anxiety: Exploring feelings is more appropriate once the client has been calmed. During a panic-level anxiety episode, the client may not be able to engage in reflective thinking or communication effectively.

D) Speak to the client using short and simple statements in calm voice: Using short, simple statements in a calm voice helps to provide clear and concise communication, which can be grounding and reassuring for someone experiencing panic-level anxiety. This approach helps to de-escalate the situation by reducing confusion and agitation.

A. "Switch from breastfeeding to formula feeding when your baby is 2 months old." B. "Avoid exposing your baby to secondhand smoke." C. "Ensure your baby receives the Hepatitis B vaccine." D. "Place your baby in a supine position during feeding."

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A) "Switch from breastfeeding to formula feeding when your baby is 2 months old": Breastfeeding is associated with a reduced risk of otitis media, as breast milk contains antibodies and other factors that help protect against infections. Switching to formula feeding may not reduce the incidence of otitis media and can potentially increase the risk.

B) "Avoid exposing your baby to secondhand smoke": Exposure to secondhand smoke is a significant risk factor for otitis media. Smoke irritates the respiratory tract and can lead to inflammation and fluid accumulation in the middle ear, increasing the likelihood of ear infections. Avoiding secondhand smoke can help reduce the incidence of otitis media.

C) "Ensure your baby receives the Hepatitis B vaccine": While the Hepatitis B vaccine is important for preventing Hepatitis B infection, it does not have a direct impact on the incidence of otitis media. The vaccine’s primary role is in preventing liver disease rather than ear infections.

D) "Place your baby in a supine position during feeding": Placing a baby in a supine position (lying on their back) during feeding does not reduce the risk of otitis media. In fact, feeding a baby while lying flat can increase the risk of ear infections as it may cause milk to flow into the middle ear. It is generally recommended to hold the baby in an upright or semi-upright position during feeding.

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A nurse is educating a client who has gestational diabetes mellitus. Which of the following disease management strategies should the nurse include?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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