A nurse is educating a group of nursing students about lymphoma.
Which of the following statements regarding lymphoma types and subtypes are accurate? (Select all that apply)
Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) is commonly associated with leukemic phase.
Mantle cell lymphoma presents with tumors in the follicles of the lymph nodes.
Burkitt lymphoma is associated with Helicobacter pylori infection.
Follicular lymphoma is associated with t(14;18) translocation.
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma is a less aggressive type of NHL.
Correct Answer : B,D,E
Choice A rationale:
Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) is not commonly associated with a leukemic phase.
It is generally characterized by the presence of Reed-Sternberg cells and is divided into classical and nodular lymphocyte-predominant types.
Leukemic phases are more commonly seen in non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL), not HL.
Choice B rationale:
Mantle cell lymphoma is associated with tumors in the mantle zone, which surrounds the follicles of the lymph nodes.
This choice is correct as it accurately describes the location of tumors in this subtype of NHL.
Choice C rationale:
Burkitt lymphoma is not typically associated with Helicobacter pylori infection.
Burkitt lymphoma is more commonly linked to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection.
Choice D rationale:
Follicular lymphoma is indeed associated with the t(14;18) translocation, which results in the overexpression of the BCL-2 gene.
This genetic abnormality is a hallmark of follicular lymphoma.
Choice E rationale:
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a more aggressive type of NHL, not a less aggressive one.
DLBCL is the most common subtype of NHL and is characterized by rapidly growing large B cells.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Monitor the patient's dietary intake.
Lymphoma patients often experience weight loss and weakness due to the effects of the disease and its treatment, including anorexia and nausea.
Monitoring the patient's dietary intake is essential to assess nutritional status, identify any deficiencies, and develop an appropriate nutritional plan.
It helps ensure that the patient receives adequate nutrients and calories to support their healing process.
Choice B rationale:
Administer intravenous fluids as prescribed.
While hydration is important, administering intravenous fluids should not be the first-line intervention for weight loss and weakness in a lymphoma patient.
Intravenous fluids may be necessary in cases of dehydration, but they do not address the underlying nutritional issues.
Other interventions, such as dietary modifications and supplements, should be considered first.
Choice C rationale:
Advise the patient to eat spicy and fatty foods.
Advising the patient to eat spicy and fatty foods is not appropriate for a patient with lymphoma who is experiencing weight loss and weakness.
Such foods can exacerbate gastrointestinal symptoms, leading to discomfort and further decreased food intake.
The focus should be on providing a balanced and nutritious diet.
Choice D rationale:
Recommend avoiding high-calorie foods.
Avoiding high-calorie foods is not advisable for a lymphoma patient experiencing weight loss and weakness.
These patients often require extra calories to combat weight loss and support their energy needs during treatment.
Encouraging a healthy intake of calories from nutritious sources is more appropriate.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Educating the patient about the type and subtype of lymphoma is crucial for their understanding of the disease.
Lymphomas can be classified into various types, including Hodgkin lymphoma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma, each with different subtypes.
Knowing the specific type and subtype of lymphoma helps the patient comprehend their diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment options, as these can vary significantly among different lymphoma types.
Choice B rationale:
"I will discuss the treatment options available." Providing information about treatment options is an essential part of educating a patient with lymphoma.
However, understanding the type and subtype of lymphoma comes first because treatment decisions are often based on this classification.
Therefore, choice A takes precedence in the education process.
Choice C rationale:
This information helps the patient prepare for what to expect during treatment.
Choice D rationale:
"I will give you all the necessary medications." While medication management is a crucial aspect of lymphoma treatment, it should be discussed after the patient has been informed about their specific lymphoma type, treatment options, and potential side effects.
The choice of medications depends on the treatment plan tailored to the patient's diagnosis.
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