A nurse is educating a group of nursing students about lymphoma.
Which of the following statements regarding lymphoma types and subtypes are accurate? (Select all that apply)
Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) is commonly associated with leukemic phase.
Mantle cell lymphoma presents with tumors in the follicles of the lymph nodes.
Burkitt lymphoma is associated with Helicobacter pylori infection.
Follicular lymphoma is associated with t(14;18) translocation.
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma is a less aggressive type of NHL.
Correct Answer : B,D,E
Choice A rationale:
Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) is not commonly associated with a leukemic phase.
It is generally characterized by the presence of Reed-Sternberg cells and is divided into classical and nodular lymphocyte-predominant types.
Leukemic phases are more commonly seen in non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL), not HL.
Choice B rationale:
Mantle cell lymphoma is associated with tumors in the mantle zone, which surrounds the follicles of the lymph nodes.
This choice is correct as it accurately describes the location of tumors in this subtype of NHL.
Choice C rationale:
Burkitt lymphoma is not typically associated with Helicobacter pylori infection.
Burkitt lymphoma is more commonly linked to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection.
Choice D rationale:
Follicular lymphoma is indeed associated with the t(14;18) translocation, which results in the overexpression of the BCL-2 gene.
This genetic abnormality is a hallmark of follicular lymphoma.
Choice E rationale:
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a more aggressive type of NHL, not a less aggressive one.
DLBCL is the most common subtype of NHL and is characterized by rapidly growing large B cells.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Educating the patient about the type and subtype of lymphoma is crucial for their understanding of the disease.
Lymphomas can be classified into various types, including Hodgkin lymphoma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma, each with different subtypes.
Knowing the specific type and subtype of lymphoma helps the patient comprehend their diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment options, as these can vary significantly among different lymphoma types.
Choice B rationale:
"I will discuss the treatment options available." Providing information about treatment options is an essential part of educating a patient with lymphoma.
However, understanding the type and subtype of lymphoma comes first because treatment decisions are often based on this classification.
Therefore, choice A takes precedence in the education process.
Choice C rationale:
This information helps the patient prepare for what to expect during treatment.
Choice D rationale:
"I will give you all the necessary medications." While medication management is a crucial aspect of lymphoma treatment, it should be discussed after the patient has been informed about their specific lymphoma type, treatment options, and potential side effects.
The choice of medications depends on the treatment plan tailored to the patient's diagnosis.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Administer intravenous fluids as prescribed.
Lymphoma patients may experience fluid and electrolyte imbalances due to factors such as nausea, vomiting, and treatment-related side effects.
Administering intravenous fluids as prescribed can help maintain hydration and electrolyte balance, especially if the patient is unable to tolerate oral intake.
Choice B rationale:
Encourage the patient to consume caffeine and alcohol.
Encouraging the consumption of caffeine and alcohol is not appropriate for a patient with lymphoma who needs to maintain fluid and electrolyte balance.
Both caffeine and alcohol can have diuretic effects and may worsen dehydration and electrolyte imbalances.
Choice C rationale:
Teach the patient to report signs of imbalance.
Educating the patient to report signs of fluid and electrolyte imbalance is important for early detection and intervention.
However, this alone is not sufficient as an intervention.
Actual measures to address the imbalance, such as administering fluids or adjusting the treatment plan, should be implemented based on the patient's condition.
Choice D rationale:
Administer diuretics as prescribed.
Administering diuretics should not be the first-line intervention for a patient with lymphoma who is at risk of fluid and electrolyte imbalance.
Diuretics can exacerbate these imbalances and should only be used when medically necessary and under the guidance of a healthcare provider.
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