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A nurse is educating a group of nursing students about pharmacological interventions for pain management in pediatric patients.
Which of the following statements are true? (Select all that apply)

Acetaminophen is indicated for mild to moderate pain and fever.

NSAIDs are contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to NSAIDs, active bleeding, and renal impairment.

Opioids work by increasing blood flow to the affected area.

The dosage of Acetaminophen and NSAIDs is based on age.

Opioids work by binding to opioid receptors, altering perception and response to painful stimuli.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,E

Choice A rationale:

Acetaminophen is indicated for mild to moderate pain and fever.

Acetaminophen is an analgesic and antipyretic medication commonly used to relieve mild to moderate pain and reduce fever.

It is suitable for various pediatric conditions, making it a valid choice for pain management in children.

Choice B rationale:

NSAIDs are contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to NSAIDs, active bleeding, and renal impairment.

Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) can cause adverse effects, including gastrointestinal bleeding, and should be avoided in patients with active bleeding.

Additionally, patients with known hypersensitivity to NSAIDs or renal impairment are at an increased risk of experiencing side effects when taking these medications, making choice B accurate.

Choice C rationale:

Opioids work by increasing blood flow to the affected area.

This statement is incorrect.

Opioids work by binding to opioid receptors, altering the perception and response to painful stimuli.

They do not increase blood flow to the affected area.

Opioids are central nervous system depressants that act on the brain and spinal cord to modify the perception of pain.

Choice D rationale:

The dosage of Acetaminophen and NSAIDs is based on age.

This statement is partially accurate.

While age can be a factor in determining the appropriate dosage of these medications in pediatric patients, it is not the sole determinant.

Weight and specific patient characteristics may also play a role in dosing decisions.

Choice E rationale:

Opioids work by binding to opioid receptors, altering perception and response to painful stimuli.

This statement is accurate.

Opioids are a class of medications that act on specific receptors in the central nervous system, altering the perception of pain and the body's response to painful stimuli.

They do not increase blood flow to the affected area but instead modulate pain at the neurological level.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

Opioids do not inhibit the synthesis of prostaglandins.

Prostaglandins are chemicals that play a role in the perception of pain and inflammation, but opioids work through a different mechanism.

They bind to opioid receptors in the body.

Choice B rationale:

Opioids do not block the release of histamine.

Histamine is involved in allergic reactions and inflammation, but it is not the primary target of opioids.

Opioids primarily bind to opioid receptors.

Choice D rationale:

Opioids do not stimulate the central nervous system to reduce pain and inflammation.

In fact, opioids often have a depressant effect on the central nervous system, leading to sedation and respiratory depression.

Their main action is through binding to opioid receptors.

The correct answer is choice C because opioids work by binding to opioid receptors, which alters the perception of pain.

Opioid receptors are found in the central and peripheral nervous systems, and when opioids bind to these receptors, they modulate pain perception, leading to pain relief.

This mechanism is how opioids exert their analgesic effects.

A. “Ibuprofen works by increasing blood flow to the affected area, which helps reduce pain.”.. B. “Ibuprofen works by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis, which helps reduce pain, inflammation, and fever.”.. C. “Ibuprofen works by blocking the action of a specific enzyme in the body.”.. D. “Ibuprofen works by reducing the production of substances that cause inflammation and pain.”..

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

This statement is incorrect.

Ibuprofen does not work by increasing blood flow to the affected area.

Its primary mechanism of action is the inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis, which helps reduce pain, inflammation, and fever.

Choice C rationale:

This statement is also inaccurate.

Ibuprofen does not work by blocking the action of a specific enzyme in the body.

Its primary mode of action is related to prostaglandin inhibition.

Choice D rationale:

This statement is not accurate.

Ibuprofen's primary mechanism of action is not reducing the production of substances that cause inflammation and pain.

It primarily targets prostaglandins.

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A nurse is educating a group of nursing students about pharmacological interventions for pain management in pediatric patients.Which of the following statements are true? (Select all that apply)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is preparing to administer opioids to a pediatric patient for pain relief.Which statement accurately describes the mechanism of action of opioids?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A client who has been prescribed Ibuprofen for mild to moderate pain asks the nurse about the mechanism of action of the drug.Which of the following responses by the nurse would be most accurate?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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A nurse is educating a group of nursing students about pharmacological interventions for pain management in pediatric patients.
Which of the following statements are true? (Select all that apply)