A nurse is educating a group of senior citizens about the physiological changes that occur with aging.
Which of the following changes should the nurse include in the discussion? (Select all that apply.)
Lower systolic blood pressure
Reduced bladder capacity
Increased difficulty seeing due to heightened sensitivity to glare
Dehydration of intervertebral discs
Reduced cough reflex
Correct Answer : A,B,D,E
Choice A rationale
As people age, the stiffness of the arterial system increases, leading to left ventricle hypertrophy, increased afterload on the left ventricle, and an increase in systolic blood pressure. This is a physiological change that occurs with aging.
Choice B rationale
With aging, the number of cells in the kidneys decreases markedly, which can affect the functioning of the urinary tract, including the bladder. This can lead to a reduced bladder capacity.
Choice C rationale
This statement is incorrect. As people age, they often experience a decrease in visual acuity and an increased sensitivity to glare. This can make it more difficult for older adults to see, especially in brightly lit environments.
Choice D rationale
Dehydration of intervertebral discs is a common occurrence with aging. This can lead to a decrease in height and changes in the curvature of the spine.
Choice E rationale
As people age, their cough reflex can become reduced. This can increase the risk of aspiration and pneumonia, especially in individuals with other health conditions that affect swallowing.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["B","C","D","E"]
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Repentance is not typically included in the five stages of grief as outlined by psychiatrist Elisabeth Kübler-Ross.
Choice B rationale
Bargaining is one of the five stages of grief. It often involves the individual making deals or promises to a higher power in an attempt to reverse or lessen the loss.
Choice C rationale
Depression is a stage of grief where the individual may experience intense feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and despair.
Choice D rationale
Acceptance is the final stage of grief, where the individual begins to accept the reality of their loss.
Choice E rationale
Anger is a stage of grief where the individual may feel intense anger towards the situation, themselves, or others.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
While it’s important for the client to understand the alternatives to the procedure, it’s typically the responsibility of the physician or surgeon to explain these alternatives, not the nurse.
Choice B rationale
One of the nurse’s responsibilities in the informed consent process is to confirm that the client is competent to sign for the procedure. This means ensuring that the client understands the procedure, its risks and benefits, and is making the decision voluntarily.
Choice C rationale
Discussing the risks of the procedure with the client is typically the responsibility of the physician or surgeon, not the nurse.
Choice D rationale
While the nurse may provide some information about what will occur during the procedure, it’s typically the responsibility of the physician or surgeon to provide detailed information about the procedure.
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