A nurse is educating a group of senior citizens about the physiological changes that occur with aging.
Which of the following changes should the nurse include in the discussion? (Select all that apply.)
Lower systolic blood pressure
Reduced bladder capacity
Increased difficulty seeing due to heightened sensitivity to glare
Dehydration of intervertebral discs
Reduced cough reflex
Correct Answer : A,B,D,E
Choice A rationale
As people age, the stiffness of the arterial system increases, leading to left ventricle hypertrophy, increased afterload on the left ventricle, and an increase in systolic blood pressure. This is a physiological change that occurs with aging.
Choice B rationale
With aging, the number of cells in the kidneys decreases markedly, which can affect the functioning of the urinary tract, including the bladder. This can lead to a reduced bladder capacity.
Choice C rationale
This statement is incorrect. As people age, they often experience a decrease in visual acuity and an increased sensitivity to glare. This can make it more difficult for older adults to see, especially in brightly lit environments.
Choice D rationale
Dehydration of intervertebral discs is a common occurrence with aging. This can lead to a decrease in height and changes in the curvature of the spine.
Choice E rationale
As people age, their cough reflex can become reduced. This can increase the risk of aspiration and pneumonia, especially in individuals with other health conditions that affect swallowing.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Eating food that is either very warm or very cold can trigger pain in individuals with trigeminal neuralgia. Therefore, if a client made this statement, it would indicate the need for further teaching.
Choice B rationale
Chewing on the unaffected side can help minimize episodes of pain in trigeminal neuralgia.
Choice C rationale
Rinsing the mouth if tooth brushing is too painful is a good strategy for managing trigeminal neuralgia.
Choice D rationale
Washing the face with cotton pads can help minimize episodes of pain in trigeminal neuralgia.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors are not typically the first line of treatment for glaucoma. They work by decreasing the production of eye fluid, but they are usually used when other treatments have not been successful. Choice B rationale
Prostaglandin analogs, such as latanoprost and travoprost, are often the first line of treatment for glaucoma. They work by increasing the outflow of eye fluid to lower pressure in the eye.
Choice C rationale
Alpha-agonists are not typically the first line of treatment for glaucoma. They work by both decreasing the production of eye fluid and increasing its outflow, but they are usually used when other treatments have not been successful.
Choice D rationale
Beta-blockers, like timolol, are sometimes used as initial treatment for glaucoma, but they are not typically the preferred initial medication. They work by reducing the production of eye fluid.
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