A nurse is educating a group of senior citizens about the physiological changes that occur with aging.
Which of the following changes should the nurse include in the discussion? (Select all that apply.)
Lower systolic blood pressure
Reduced bladder capacity
Increased difficulty seeing due to heightened sensitivity to glare
Dehydration of intervertebral discs
Reduced cough reflex
Correct Answer : A,B,D,E
Choice A rationale
As people age, the stiffness of the arterial system increases, leading to left ventricle hypertrophy, increased afterload on the left ventricle, and an increase in systolic blood pressure. This is a physiological change that occurs with aging.
Choice B rationale
With aging, the number of cells in the kidneys decreases markedly, which can affect the functioning of the urinary tract, including the bladder. This can lead to a reduced bladder capacity.
Choice C rationale
This statement is incorrect. As people age, they often experience a decrease in visual acuity and an increased sensitivity to glare. This can make it more difficult for older adults to see, especially in brightly lit environments.
Choice D rationale
Dehydration of intervertebral discs is a common occurrence with aging. This can lead to a decrease in height and changes in the curvature of the spine.
Choice E rationale
As people age, their cough reflex can become reduced. This can increase the risk of aspiration and pneumonia, especially in individuals with other health conditions that affect swallowing.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Experiencing poverty can indeed be a source of chronic stress due to the ongoing hardships and struggles associated with financial instability. However, it is not typically classified as an example of acute stress, which is usually associated with a specific event or situation that causes a sudden and intense reaction.
Choice B rationale
Being a victim of a crime is a prime example of an acute stressor. This is because it is a specific event that can cause immediate emotional and physiological reactions. The individual may experience intense feelings of fear, shock, or distress, and these reactions typically occur immediately after the event.
Choice C rationale
Being part of a dysfunctional family can lead to chronic stress due to ongoing family conflicts, communication problems, or other issues. While specific incidents within the family context (like a heated argument) could potentially trigger acute stress responses, the overall experience of living in a dysfunctional family is more commonly associated with chronic stress.
Choice D rationale
Experiencing racism can lead to both acute and chronic stress. Acute stress might occur in response to a specific incident of racial discrimination, while chronic stress could result from living in a society where racism is pervasive. However, without a specific incident mentioned, it is less likely to be considered an example of acute stress compared to being a victim of a crime.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Reporting the APs to the charge nurse may seem like an appropriate action, but it does not directly address the conflict. It’s important for the nurse to take an active role in conflict resolution, rather than passing the responsibility to someone else.
Choice B rationale
Allowing the APs to resolve their issues might be a good idea in some situations, but it’s not the best choice here. As a nurse, it’s part of your role to ensure that conflicts are resolved in a way that promotes a positive and productive work environment. By simply allowing the APs to resolve their issues, you’re not taking an active role in conflict resolution.
Choice C rationale
Confronting the APs to discuss their argument is the best choice. This action demonstrates conflict resolution because the nurse is taking an active role in addressing the issue. By discussing the argument with the APs, the nurse can help them understand each other’s perspectives and find a solution that works for everyone.
Choice D rationale
Telling the APs they are acting immaturely is not an effective way to resolve conflict. This approach is likely to escalate the conflict rather than resolve it. It’s important to approach conflicts with a goal of understanding and resolution, rather than placing blame or making judgments.
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