A nurse is educating a group of senior citizens about the physiological changes that occur with aging.
Which of the following changes should the nurse include in the discussion? (Select all that apply.)
Lower systolic blood pressure
Reduced bladder capacity
Increased difficulty seeing due to heightened sensitivity to glare
Dehydration of intervertebral discs
Reduced cough reflex
Correct Answer : A,B,D,E
Choice A rationale
As people age, the stiffness of the arterial system increases, leading to left ventricle hypertrophy, increased afterload on the left ventricle, and an increase in systolic blood pressure. This is a physiological change that occurs with aging.
Choice B rationale
With aging, the number of cells in the kidneys decreases markedly, which can affect the functioning of the urinary tract, including the bladder. This can lead to a reduced bladder capacity.
Choice C rationale
This statement is incorrect. As people age, they often experience a decrease in visual acuity and an increased sensitivity to glare. This can make it more difficult for older adults to see, especially in brightly lit environments.
Choice D rationale
Dehydration of intervertebral discs is a common occurrence with aging. This can lead to a decrease in height and changes in the curvature of the spine.
Choice E rationale
As people age, their cough reflex can become reduced. This can increase the risk of aspiration and pneumonia, especially in individuals with other health conditions that affect swallowing.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Ascending muscle weakness is a classic symptom of Guillain-Barre syndrome. It often starts in the feet and legs before spreading to the upper body and arms.
Choice B rationale
Difficulty with urination is not a typical symptom of Guillain-Barre syndrome.
Choice C rationale
Ptosis (drooping of the upper eyelid) and diplopia (double vision) are not common symptoms of Guillain-Barre syndrome.
Choice D rationale
Ear distortion and pain are not associated with Guillain-Barre syndrome.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Allowing extra time to communicate with the patient is a crucial action when caring for a patient with impaired speech. This approach respects the patient’s autonomy and ensures that they have the time they need to express themselves.
Choice B rationale
Finishing sentences for the patient can be seen as disrespectful and may lead to frustration. It’s important to allow the patient to communicate at their own pace.
Choice C rationale
While open-ended questions can be useful in some situations, they may be challenging for a patient with impaired speech. It might be more effective to ask yes/no questions or use other communication aids.
Choice D rationale
Visual aids can be very helpful for patients with speech impairments. They can supplement verbal communication and make it easier for the patient to understand and be understood.
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