A nurse is educating a group of women about prevention strategies for gynecologic cancers.
Which strategies should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select three.).
Smoking cessation.
Eating a high-fat diet.
Avoiding regular screenings.
Practicing safe sex.
Maintaining a healthy weight.
Correct Answer : A,D,E
Choice A rationale:
Smoking cessation is an important preventive strategy for gynecologic cancers.
Smoking is a risk factor for cervical and ovarian cancers.
Cessation of smoking reduces the risk of developing these cancers.
Nicotine and other chemicals in tobacco can damage DNA and lead to the development of cancerous cells.
Choice D rationale:
Practicing safe sex is crucial in preventing certain gynecologic cancers, especially cervical cancer.
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a sexually transmitted infection that can lead to cervical cancer.
Using condoms and practicing safe sex can reduce the risk of HPV infection, thus reducing the risk of cervical cancer.
Choice E rationale:
Maintaining a healthy weight is another important preventive strategy for gynecologic cancers, particularly endometrial cancer.
Obesity is a risk factor for endometrial cancer because excess body fat can increase estrogen levels, which can promote the development of cancerous cells in the endometrium.
Maintaining a healthy weight through diet and exercise can help reduce the risk of endometrial cancer.
Now, let's explain why Choices B and C are not correct:
Choice B rationale:
Eating a high-fat diet is not a recommended prevention strategy for gynecologic cancers.
In fact, a high-fat diet is associated with an increased risk of certain cancers, including breast and ovarian cancer.
Encouraging a high-fat diet would be counterproductive to cancer prevention efforts.
Choice C rationale:
Avoiding regular screenings is not a recommended strategy for preventing gynecologic cancers.
Regular screenings, such as Pap smears and mammograms, are essential for early detection and timely treatment of gynecologic cancers.
Avoiding these screenings can increase the risk of cancer going undetected until it reaches an advanced stage.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Age is indeed a significant risk factor for ovarian cancer.
Ovarian cancer risk increases with age, with the majority of cases occurring in women over the age of 50.
Younger women can still develop ovarian cancer, but age is a significant factor.
Choice B rationale:
Infertility is not a primary cause of ovarian cancer.
While there may be some associations between infertility treatments and ovarian cancer, it is not considered a primary cause.
The exact cause of ovarian cancer is not well understood but may involve genetic mutations, hormonal factors, and inflammation.
Choice C rationale:
BRCA gene mutations can increase the risk of ovarian cancer.
Women with BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene mutations have a significantly higher risk of developing ovarian cancer compared to those without these mutations.
This understanding indicates that the client has correctly grasped this risk factor.
Choice D rationale:
Ovarian cancer is not primarily caused by hormonal imbalances.
While hormones may play a role in the development of ovarian cancer, they are not considered the primary cause.
Genetic factors, such as BRCA mutations, are more significant contributors to ovarian cancer risk.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Cone biopsy is not a commonly performed surgical procedure in the primary treatment of cervical cancer.
It is typically used for diagnostic purposes or for treating precancerous lesions of the cervix.
In a cone biopsy, a cone-shaped piece of tissue is removed from the cervix for examination.
Choice C rationale:
Bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy involves the removal of both fallopian tubes and ovaries.
While this procedure may be performed in some cases of gynecologic cancer, it is not commonly the primary surgical treatment for cervical cancer.
Choice D rationale:
Debulking surgery is a procedure performed to remove as much of a tumor as possible in cases where the cancer has spread and cannot be completely removed.
It is more commonly associated with ovarian cancer or advanced stages of other gynecologic cancers, not cervical cancer.
Choice B rationale:
A total hysterectomy is a commonly performed surgical procedure in the treatment of cervical cancer.
In this procedure, the entire uterus, including the cervix, is removed.
Sometimes, nearby lymph nodes may also be removed during the surgery if there is evidence of lymph node involvement.
This surgery is done to remove the cancerous tissue and prevent the spread of the disease.
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