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A nurse is educating a patient regarding arterial insufficiency. The nurse knows the patient has a correct understanding of arterial risk factors by listing the following:

Select all that apply.

low fat diet

diabetes mellitus

decreased lipid levels

smoking

heavy alcohol use

physical activity

hypertension

male

Obesity

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : B,D,E,H,I

A. Low-fat diet: This reduces the risk of arterial insufficiency, making it incorrect as a risk factor.

B. Diabetes mellitus: Diabetes is a significant risk factor due to its effects on vascular health.

C. Decreased lipid levels: Lower lipid levels reduce arterial risk, making it incorrect as a risk factor.

D. Smoking: Smoking damages blood vessels and increases arterial insufficiency risk.

E. Heavy alcohol use: Excessive alcohol consumption contributes to hypertension and cardiovascular disease.

F. Physical activity: Physical activity reduces arterial risk, making it incorrect as a risk factor.

G. Hypertension: High blood pressure increases arterial insufficiency risk.

H. Male: Males have a higher risk of developing arterial insufficiency than females.

I. Obesity: Obesity increases the risk of atherosclerosis and arterial insufficiency.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Begin with inspection to visually assess the abdomen for abnormalities. Auscultate before palpation and percussion to avoid altering bowel sounds. Determine areas of pain to avoid causing discomfort during palpation and percussion. Lightly palpate to assess for tenderness or masses. Percuss last to evaluate organ size and detect abnormal fluid or gas.
B. Begin with inspection to visually assess the abdomen for abnormalities. Auscultate before palpation and percussion to avoid altering bowel sounds. Determine areas of pain to avoid causing discomfort during palpation and percussion. Lightly palpate to assess for tenderness or masses. Percuss last to evaluate organ size and detect abnormal fluid or gas.
C. Begin with inspection to visually assess the abdomen for abnormalities. Auscultate before palpation and percussion to avoid altering bowel sounds. Determine areas of pain to avoid causing discomfort during palpation and percussion. Lightly palpate to assess for tenderness or masses. Percuss last to evaluate organ size and detect abnormal fluid or gas.
D. Begin with inspection to visually assess the abdomen for abnormalities. Auscultate before palpation and percussion to avoid altering bowel sounds. Determine areas of pain to avoid causing discomfort during palpation and percussion. Lightly palpate to assess for tenderness or masses. Percuss last to evaluate organ size and detect abnormal fluid or gas.

A. 1 minute B. 2 minutes each quadrant C. 5 minutes D. 10 minutes

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. 1 minute: This is not the correct duration for assessing bowel sounds.

B. 2 minutes each quadrant: Bowel sounds should be auscultated for at least 2 minutes per quadrant before determining that they are absent.

C. 5 minutes: Listening for 5 minutes is excessive and typically unnecessary unless there is concern about a complete absence of bowel sounds.

D. 10 minutes: 10 minutes is also too long for auscultation unless specifically indicated by clinical findings, like suspected paralytic ileus.

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A nurse is educating a patient regarding arterial insufficiency. The nurse knows the patient has a correct understanding of arterial risk factors by listing the following:

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