A nurse is educating clients about the modes of transmission for different types of vulvovaginitis. Which type can have various modes of transmission, such as sexual transmission, contact transmission, or vector transmission?

Choice A rationale:

Abstaining from sexual contact until both partners are treated and cured is an appropriate measure to prevent re-infection and transmission of trichomoniasis vaginitis (TV)

Choice B rationale:

Avoiding alcohol consumption during treatment with metronidazole is necessary, as alcohol can interact with this medication and cause adverse reactions.

Choice C rationale:

Using condoms or other barrier methods during sexual intercourse can prevent transmission of TV and is an accurate statement.

Choice D rationale:

Continuing hormonal therapy despite experiencing abnormal bleeding is concerning, as it may indicate an adverse reaction or need for further evaluation. This statement highlights a need for further teaching.

Choice A rationale:

Anaerobic bacteria are not responsible for the described symptoms. They typically cause foul-smelling discharge with a different consistency.

Choice B rationale:

Fungi, such as Candida species, commonly cause vaginal candidiasis, which presents with thick, white, cottage cheese-like discharge. This matches the client's symptoms.

Choice C rationale:

Protozoa, like Trichomonas vaginalis, usually lead to a frothy, greenish-yellow discharge with a foul odor, which doesn't align with the client's presentation.

Choice D rationale:

Low estrogen levels would not directly cause this type of discharge. They might lead to vaginal dryness and thinning of vaginal walls, but not the specific discharge described.

Choice E rationale:

Human papillomavirus (HPV) doesn't typically cause the described discharge. It's associated with genital warts and cervical changes but not with this type of discharge.