A nurse is educating community members about how to prepare for a disaster. Which of the following items should be included in a disaster preparedness kit? (Select all that apply)

Choice A reason: Tamoxifen

Tamoxifen is a medication primarily used to treat breast cancer. It works as a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM), which means it blocks estrogen receptors in breast tissue. Estrogen can promote the growth of breast cancer cells, so blocking its effects can help to slow or stop the growth of these cells. However, tamoxifen is not typically used for prostate cancer because prostate cancer is driven by androgens (male hormones) rather than estrogens.

Choice B reason: Leuprolide

Leuprolide is a medication commonly used in the treatment of prostate cancer. It is a type of hormone therapy known as a luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) agonist. Leuprolide works by reducing the production of testosterone, a hormone that can stimulate the growth of prostate cancer cells. By lowering testosterone levels, leuprolide helps to slow the progression of prostate cancer and can be used in various stages of the disease.

Choice C reason: Finasteride

Finasteride is a medication used to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and male pattern baldness. It works by inhibiting the enzyme 5-alpha-reductase, which converts testosterone to dihydrotestosterone (DHT). While finasteride can reduce the size of the prostate and improve urinary symptoms in BPH, it is not typically used as a primary treatment for prostate cancer. Its role in prostate cancer is more preventive, as it can lower the risk of developing the disease.

Choice D reason: Cyclophosphamide

Cyclophosphamide is a chemotherapy drug used to treat various types of cancer, including lymphomas, leukemias, and some solid tumors. It works by interfering with the DNA of cancer cells, preventing them from dividing and growing. While cyclophosphamide can be used in certain cancer treatments, it is not a standard treatment for prostate cancer. Prostate cancer is more commonly treated with hormone therapy, targeted therapy, or other specific chemotherapy agents.

Choice A reason: A Negative-Pressure Isolation Room

A negative-pressure isolation room is typically used for patients with airborne infections, such as tuberculosis, to prevent the spread of infectious particles through the air. Scabies, however, is spread through direct skin-to-skin contact or contact with contaminated items, not through the air. Therefore, a negative-pressure room is not necessary for a client with scabies.

Choice B reason: A Private Room

Placing the client in a private room is the appropriate action. This helps to prevent the spread of scabies to other patients and staff. Scabies is highly contagious, and isolating the affected individual minimizes the risk of transmission. The client should remain in the private room until the treatment regimen is complete and they are no longer contagious.

Choice C reason: A Semi-Private Room with a Client Who Has Pediculosis Capitis

A semi-private room with a client who has pediculosis capitis (head lice) is not appropriate. While both conditions involve parasites, they are different and require separate management and treatment protocols. Placing two clients with different contagious conditions in the same room increases the risk of cross-contamination and complicates infection control measures.

Choice D reason: A Positive-Pressure Isolation Room

A positive-pressure isolation room is used to protect immunocompromised patients from external contaminants by ensuring that air flows out of the room rather than in. This type of room is not suitable for a client with scabies, as it does not address the mode of transmission for this condition.