A nurse is evaluating a child during a well exam. The nurse discovers that one leg is shorter than the other. Which is most likely the cause of the difference in leg length?

Fracture of the epiphyseal plate.

Scoliosis.

Comminuted clavicle fracture.

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A.   A fracture involving the epiphyseal plate (growth plate) can lead to differential growth in the affected limb. If a fracture occurs before the growth plate has closed, it can potentially result in the shorter leg as the growth in that limb may be inhibited compared to the unaffected leg.
B.   While scoliosis can lead to asymmetrical body positioning and potentially cause a perception of leg length discrepancy, it does not typically cause a true difference in bone length. Instead, scoliosis affects the spine's curvature and may alter posture, but it’s not a direct cause of one leg being shorter than the
other.
C.   A comminuted clavicle fracture primarily affects the shoulder and does not impact leg length. It involves the upper limb and does not contribute to any differences in the lengths of the legs, making this option irrelevant to the observed leg length discrepancy.
D.   JIA can lead to joint inflammation and may affect limb growth if it causes significant damage to the joints. However, while it can potentially cause some discrepancies in limb length due to joint issues, it is less directly associated with one leg being shorter than the other compared to an epiphyseal plate fracture.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. In this type of traction, the child’s buttocks should be elevated slightly off the bed to maintain the correct alignment and reduce pressure on the skin. However, a 15° angle may not be specifically necessary for indicating proper traction; what matters more is that the child is positioned correctly and comfortably.
B. While a reduction in pain can indicate that the traction is effective and that the fracture is stabilized, pain management is also influenced by medication and other factors. Therefore, while this is a positive finding, it is not the most definitive indicator of proper traction.
C. However, while it is essential that the pins are secure, the effectiveness of traction is more directly related to the positioning and suspension of the legs rather than just the pin security alone.
D. In Bryant's traction, the legs should be suspended to ensure proper alignment and immobilization of the fractured femur. The traction's effectiveness is best assessed by observing that the legs are correctly suspended and aligned, allowing for the necessary rest and healing of the bone.

A. High levels of low-density lipid (LDL) B. Low concentration triglycerides C. Low levels of LDL cholesterol D. High levels of high-density lipid (HDL)

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. LDL cholesterol, often referred to as "bad" cholesterol, is a major risk factor for atherosclerosis and PVD. High levels of LDL contribute to the buildup of plaque in the arteries, which can lead to these conditions.
B. While high triglycerides can be a risk factor, low triglycerides are generally not associated with increased risk of atherosclerosis or PVD.
C. Low LDL cholesterol is actually considered beneficial and can reduce the risk of heart disease.
D. HDL cholesterol, often called "good" cholesterol, helps remove LDL cholesterol from the bloodstream. High levels of HDL are actually protective against heart disease and PVD.

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A nurse is evaluating a child during a well exam. The nurse discovers that one leg is shorter than the other. Which is most likely the cause of the difference in leg length?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A 3-year-old is admitted for repair of a fractured femur and is placed in Bryant's traction. Which finding by the nurse indicates that the traction is working properly?

Correct Answer is D

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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