A nurse is evaluating the fetal heart rate tracing of a client who is in pre-term labor and receiving magnesium sulfate.

The nurse should identify that which of the following patterns indicates a potential adverse effect of the medication on the fetus?

Accelerations

Early decelerations

Variable decelerations

Absent variability

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

According to the search results, magnesium sulfate can have a negative effect on the fetal heart rate (FHR) by lowering the baseline, decreasing the variability, and reducing the reactivity or acceleration pattern. Absent variability means that there is no fluctuation in the FHR and it indicates fetal hypoxia or acidosis.

This is a potential adverse effect of magnesium sulfate on the fetus and requires immediate intervention.

Choice A. Accelerations is wrong because accelerations are transient increases in the FHR that indicate fetal well-being. They are not affected by magnesium sulfate.

Choice B. Early decelerations is wrong because early decelerations are decreases in the FHR that occur with uterine contractions and are caused by fetal head compression. They are benign and do not indicate fetal distress. They are not associated with magnesium sulfate.

Choice C. Variable decelerations is wrong because variable decelerations are abrupt decreases in the FHR that vary in shape, duration, and timing and are caused by umbilical cord compression.

They may or may not indicate fetal compromise.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Leukocoria (white pupils) is a symptom of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), an eye disease that can happen in premature babies.ROP happens when abnormal blood vessels grow on the retina, the light-sensitive layer of tissue in the back of the eye.

Choice B is wrong because strabismus (crossed eyes) is not a symptom of ROP, but a possible complication that can occur later in life.

Choice C is wrong because nystagmus (involuntary eye movements) is not a symptom of ROP, but another possible complication that can occur later in life.

Choice D is wrong because it includes choices B and C, which are incorrect.

Normal ranges for gestational age and birth weight are 38 to 42 weeks and 5.5 to 10 pounds, respectively.Babies born before 31 weeks or weighing less than 3 pounds are at risk for ROP.

A. “This medication will help prevent seizures in case I develop preeclampsia.” B. “This medication will help mature my baby’s lungs in case he is born early.” C. “This medication will help relax my uterus and stop contractions.” D. “This medication will help lower my blood pressure in case it gets too high.”

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

This medication will help relax my uterus and stop contractions.

Magnesium sulfate is a tocolytic, a medication used to suppress uterine contractions and delay preterm delivery.The exact mechanism through which magnesium sulfate inhibits contractions is unknown, but researchers believe it likely works by lowering calcium levels in the uterine muscles.

Choice A is wrong because magnesium sulfate is not used to prevent seizures in case of preeclampsia.

Preeclampsia is a condition characterized by high blood pressure and protein in the urine during pregnancy.Magnesium sulfate may be used to treat seizures if they occur with eclampsia, which is a severe complication of preeclampsia.

Choice B is wrong because magnesium sulfate does not help mature the baby’s lungs in case of preterm birth.

Magnesium sulfate may have some neuroprotective effects for the baby, but it does not affect lung development.Steroids are usually given to pregnant women at risk of preterm delivery to help accelerate fetal lung maturation.

Choice D is wrong because magnesium sulfate does not lower blood pressure in case it gets too high.

Magnesium sulfate may have some vasodilatory effects, but it is not used as an antihypertensive agent.Other medications, such as hydralazine or labetalol, are used to treat high blood pressure during pregnancy.

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A nurse is evaluating the fetal heart rate tracing of a client who is in pre-term labor and receiving magnesium sulfate. The nurse should identify that which of the following patterns indicates a potential adverse effect of the medication on the fetus?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is assessing a pre-term newborn who has retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect to observe?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is teaching a client who is at 25 weeks of gestation and has pre-term labor about the purpose and side effects of magnesium sulfate therapy. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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A nurse is evaluating the fetal heart rate tracing of a client who is in pre-term labor and receiving magnesium sulfate.

The nurse should identify that which of the following patterns indicates a potential adverse effect of the medication on the fetus?