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A nurse is explaining the pathophysiology of Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus to a group of nursing students. What is the primary defect in this condition?

A.

Inadequate production of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

B.

Impaired response of the renal tubules to ADH

C.

Excessive release of ADH from the pituitary gland

D.

Dysfunction of the adrenal glands

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A) Incorrect. Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus is not primarily caused by inadequate production of ADH; rather, it is related to the kidneys' inability to respond effectively to ADH.

B) Correct. The primary defect in Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus is the impaired response of the renal tubules to ADH. This means that even if ADH is present, the kidneys are unable to reabsorb water as they should.

C) Incorrect. Excessive release of ADH is not characteristic of Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus. Instead, it is a condition where the kidneys do not respond appropriately to normal levels of ADH.

D) Incorrect. Dysfunction of the adrenal glands is not related to the pathophysiology of Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus.


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A) Incorrect. Increasing fluid intake is not recommended for clients with Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus as it can exacerbate the condition and lead to excessive urination.

B) Correct. Restricting fluid intake is a key nursing intervention for managing Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus. This helps to reduce the volume of urine output and maintain better fluid balance.

C) Incorrect. Waiting until feeling extremely thirsty may lead to dehydration. Clients with Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus should follow a prescribed fluid restriction plan rather than relying on thirst cues.

D) Incorrect. While having a fixed schedule for fluid intake can be helpful, it's important for the client to follow the prescribed fluid restriction plan, which may involve limiting total daily intake.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A) Incorrect. Thiazide diuretics should be taken with food to reduce the risk of stomach upset. Taking them on an empty stomach is not recommended.

B) Incorrect. Taking the medication with a high-sodium meal is not necessary for its effectiveness. In fact, it's important to monitor sodium levels while taking thiazide diuretics.

C) Correct. Thiazide diuretics can lead to low potassium levels (hypokalemia) as they increase potassium excretion in the urine. Clients should be instructed to monitor for signs of hypokalemia, such as muscle weakness or irregular heart rhythm.

D) Incorrect. Discontinuing the medication without consulting a healthcare provider is not advisable. If there are concerns about medication effectiveness or side effects, the client should discuss them with their healthcare provider.

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