A nurse is following the goals of Healthy People 2030 to provide care. Which action should the nurse take?

A) Try to do as much as possible for the patient:
While it's important to provide support to a patient with osteoporosis, especially when they are at risk of fractures, the nurse should focus on empowering the patient to maintain as much independence as possible. Over-involvement in their care may limit their ability to maintain or improve mobility and self-care abilities. The priority is addressing nutritional needs and bone health.

B) Encourage dairy products:
While dairy products are an excellent source of calcium, this approach is not suitable for a patient with lactose intolerance. Consuming dairy could lead to discomfort and digestive issues such as bloating, cramps, and diarrhea, which can worsen the patient's symptoms. Alternative sources of calcium should be recommended instead.

C) Monitor intake of calcium:
This is the most appropriate intervention. Monitoring the patient's calcium intake is crucial for individuals with osteoporosis to help strengthen bones and prevent fractures. The nurse can recommend calcium-rich foods that are lactose-free, such as fortified plant-based milks, leafy green vegetables, and fortified cereals. Calcium supplements may also be necessary to meet the daily requirements.

D) Increase intake of caffeinated drinks:
Increasing caffeinated drinks is not advisable for a patient with osteoporosis, as excessive caffeine consumption can interfere with calcium absorption and contribute to bone loss. It is best to limit caffeine intake and focus on promoting good nutritional habits to support bone health.

A) Each movement is repeated 5 times by the patient: While active range-of-motion (ROM) exercises often involve repetition, the key goal of passive ROM exercises (when the nurse is assisting the patient) is not to have the patient repeat movements. Instead, the nurse should ensure the patient’s joints are moved gently to their fullest range without causing discomfort or damage. Repeating movements a specific number of times isn't a required approach for passive ROM.

B) Each movement is moved just to the point of resistance by the nurse: This technique is the most appropriate when performing passive ROM exercises. The nurse should gently move the joint through its range of motion and stop at the point where resistance is felt, but without pushing into pain or forcing movement beyond the joint’s natural limits. This approach helps prevent injury while still providing the necessary mobility and flexibility.

C) Each movement is completed quickly and smoothly by the nurse: While the movement should be smooth, it should never be rushed or performed quickly, as that can cause strain or discomfort. ROM exercises should be done slowly and deliberately to avoid injury and to allow the joints to move through their full range of motion without abrupt movements. Quick motions could increase the risk of joint or muscle injury.

D) Each movement is performed until the patient reports pain: ROM exercises should be performed gently and within the range that does not cause pain. The goal is to maintain joint flexibility and prevent contractures, not to push the patient into pain. If the patient reports pain, the nurse should stop immediately to avoid injury and reassess the approach to ROM exercises. Pain should never be a target for achieving range of motion.