A nurse is manning a phone line for trauma and crisis support.
A client on the phone inquires, “Could you explain how trauma-related disorders develop?” Which response should the nurse provide?

Choice A rationale
While voice tremors can be a symptom of anxiety, they are not specifically associated with panic level anxiety. Voice tremors could be due to a variety of factors, including nervousness, fear, or certain medical conditions.
Choice B rationale
Shakiness can be a symptom of anxiety, but it is not specific to panic level anxiety. It could be a physical response to fear, stress, or even low blood sugar.
Choice C rationale
Depersonalization, a feeling of being detached or disconnected from oneself, is a common symptom of panic level anxiety. Individuals may feel as if they are observing themselves from an outside perspective.
Choice D rationale

Poor concentration can be a symptom of many mental health conditions, including anxiety. However, it is not specific to panic level anxiety and can be influenced by a variety of factors, such as stress, lack of sleep, or certain medications.

Choice A rationale
While understanding the concepts of right and wrong can be important in many aspects of nursing care, it may not be particularly helpful in this context. The patient’s stressors are not necessarily related to moral or ethical dilemmas.
Choice B rationale
The concepts of justified and unjustified might be relevant in some contexts, but they may not provide the necessary context to understand and deliver nursing care for this patient. These

concepts are more related to the evaluation of actions or decisions, rather than understanding a patient’s experience of stress.
Choice C rationale
Good and bad are subjective terms that can vary greatly between individuals. While these concepts might be relevant in some contexts, they may not provide the necessary context to understand and deliver nursing care for this patient.
Choice D rationale
The concepts of adaptive and maladaptive are directly relevant to understanding a patient’s response to stress. Adaptive strategies are those that help an individual cope effectively with stress, while maladaptive strategies are those that do not help, or that may even exacerbate the stress.