A nurse is monitoring a client who is dehydrated. Which of the following laboratory findings should the nurse report to the provider?

Hematocrit 45% (37% to 52%)

Creatinine 0.9 mg/dL (0.5-1.2 mg/dL)

BUN 25 mg/dL (10-20 mg/dL)

Urine specific gravity 1.028 (1.005 to 1.030)

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Hematocrit 45% (37% to 52%): This value is within the normal range for hematocrit. Dehydration may increase the hematocrit due to a relative increase in red blood cell concentration, but 45% is still within normal limits.

B. Creatinine 0.9 mg/dL (0.5-1.2 mg/dL): This value is within the normal range for creatinine, indicating normal kidney function.

C. BUN 25 mg/dL (10-20 mg/dL): An elevated BUN level is a sign of dehydration as it reflects increased protein breakdown and decreased renal perfusion. This value is above the normal range and should be reported to the provider.

D. Urine specific gravity 1.028 (1.005 to 1.030): This value is within the normal range and indicates that the kidneys are concentrating urine, which is typical in dehydration as the body tries to conserve water.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Have the laboratory draw a blood sample for an erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR): ESR measures inflammation and is unrelated to hyperkalemia.

B. Restrict fluid intake: Fluid restriction is not appropriate for hyperkalemia unless specifically related to fluid overload or renal failure.

C. Obtain a 12-lead ECG: Hyperkalemia can cause life-threatening cardiac dysrhythmias such as peaked T waves, widened QRS complexes, or asystole. ECG monitoring is essential.

D. Administer potassium gluconate 40 mEq orally: This would worsen hyperkalemia and is contraindicated.

A. Weak pulse B. Distended neck veins C. Bradycardia D. Pitting Edema

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Weak pulse: Isotonic fluid-volume deficit results in decreased blood volume, leading to reduced cardiac output and a weak, thready pulse.

B. Distended neck veins: This is associated with fluid volume excess, not deficit.

C. Bradycardia: Fluid deficit typically leads to tachycardia as the body compensates for decreased circulating volume.

D. Pitting edema: This is a sign of fluid overload rather than deficit.

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A nurse is monitoring a client who is dehydrated. Which of the following laboratory findings should the nurse report to the provider?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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