A nurse is performing an assessment for a newborn and notes breast tissue that has a flat areola with no bud. The nurse should identify that this finding indicates which of the following conditions?
Preterm gestational age.
Decreased maternal hormones during pregnancy.
Congenital anomaly.
Ambiguous secondary sex characteristics.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale: Flat areola without breast bud indicates immature breast tissue development, a marker of preterm gestational age due to incomplete fetal maturation of secondary sexual characteristics.
Choice B rationale: Maternal hormones influence neonatal breast tissue temporarily, but absence of bud reflects developmental immaturity rather than decreased maternal hormones during pregnancy.
Choice C rationale: Congenital anomalies involve structural malformations, not absence of breast bud, which is a normal developmental stage in preterm infants rather than a pathological anomaly.
Choice D rationale: Ambiguous secondary sex characteristics refer to atypical genital or pubertal development, not neonatal breast tissue maturity, making this unrelated to the flat areola finding.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
This statement is incorrect. An indirect Coombs' test is not used to determine the risk of hypoglycemia in a baby after birth. It is used to detect antibodies against red blood cells, particularly in the context of blood incompatibility between a pregnant woman and her fetus.
Choice B rationale:
This statement is incorrect. An indirect Coombs' test is not related to determining the amount of amniotic fluid around the fetus. It is used primarily to assess for Rh incompatibility between the mother and fetus.
Choice C rationale:
This statement is incorrect. The test described here is a Doppler ultrasound, not an indirect Coombs' test. Doppler ultrasound is used to study blood flow in the fetus and placenta using ultrasound waves.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Hct (hematocrit) of 34% is a normal finding during pregnancy. Normal ranges vary during pregnancy, but generally, a hematocrit between 33% to 45% is considered normal during the second trimester.
Choice B rationale:
BUN (blood urea nitrogen) of 25 mg/dL should be reported to the provider. BUN measures kidney function, and during pregnancy, values above 20 mg/dL may indicate possible impaired kidney function, which requires further evaluation.
Choice C rationale:
Platelets of 170,000/mm³ are within the normal range during pregnancy. The normal platelet count during pregnancy is typically between 150,000 to 400,000/mm³.
Choice D rationale:
HbA1c (glycated hemoglobin) of 6% is a good indicator of blood sugar control and is within the target range for a pregnant woman with diabetes. The target HbA1c level for pregnant women with diabetes is usually around 6% or lower.
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