A nurse is performing an initial physical examination on a child. The nurse should recognize that which of the following manifestations indicates a possible brain tumor?

Select all that apply.

Bruises easily

Clumsiness

Irritability

Persistent headaches

Vomiting

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : B,C,D,E

A. Bruises easily. Easy bruising is more commonly associated with hematologic conditions, not brain tumors.
B. Clumsiness. Clumsiness or difficulty with coordination may indicate motor function impairment caused by a brain tumor.
C. Irritability. Irritability can result from increased intracranial pressure (ICP) or other neurological changes due to a brain tumor.
D. Persistent headaches. Persistent headaches, especially those worse in the morning, are a common sign of increased ICP from a brain tumor.
E. Vomiting. Vomiting, particularly without nausea, can occur due to increased ICP.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Superficial scrapes on the toddler's lower legs: These are common in toddlers due to normal play and exploration.
B. Circular burns on the soles of the toddler's feet: Circular burns, especially in unusual areas like the soles, are a hallmark sign of intentional injury and potential abuse.
C. Irregular area of blue pigmentation over the sacrum: This is likely a Mongolian spot, a benign and common finding in children of certain ethnicities.
D. Single bruise on the toddler's forearm: This is not necessarily indicative of abuse, as toddlers frequently sustain minor injuries from routine activities.

A. Instruct the child to gargle using salt water every 4 hr. B. Give the child fluids using a straw. C. Ask the child to take deep breaths and cough every 30 min. D. Apply an ice collar to the child's neck.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Instruct the child to gargle using salt water every 4 hr: Gargling can irritate the surgical site and increase the risk of bleeding.
B. Give the child fluids using a straw: Using a straw creates suction, which can dislodge the clot and cause bleeding.
C. Ask the child to take deep breaths and cough every 30 min: Coughing can increase pressure on the surgical site and lead to bleeding.
D. Apply an ice collar to the child's neck. An ice collar reduces swelling, pain, and the risk of bleeding by promoting vasoconstriction.

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A nurse is performing an initial physical examination on a child. The nurse should recognize that which of the following manifestations indicates a possible brain tumor? Select all that apply.

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A nurse is performing an initial physical examination on a child. The nurse should recognize that which of the following manifestations indicates a possible brain tumor?

Select all that apply.