A nurse is planning care for a child who has cerebral palsy and is experiencing muscle spasms. Which of the following medications should the nurse expect to administer?

Indomethacin

Baclofen

Methotrexate

Carbamazepine

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Indomethacin: This is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) for pain or inflammation but does not relieve muscle spasms.
B. Baclofen: Baclofen is a muscle relaxant commonly used to manage spasticity in cerebral palsy.
C. Methotrexate: This is an immunosuppressant used for conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, not spasticity.
D. Carbamazepine: This is an anticonvulsant used for seizures, not muscle spasticity.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. "Administer the medication on an empty stomach." Phenytoin can be taken with or without food. Administering with food can reduce stomach upset.
B. "Encourage the child to brush their teeth after each meal." Phenytoin increases the risk of gingival hyperplasia, so regular brushing helps maintain oral hygiene and prevents complications.
C. "Crush the child's medication to mix with applesauce." Extended-release capsules should not be crushed as this alters their intended release mechanism.
D. "Observe the child for diarrhea." Diarrhea is not a common side effect of phenytoin. Monitoring should focus on side effects like gingival overgrowth, nystagmus, or skin rashes.

A. Flat anterior fontanel B. Dry, hot skin C. Loss of 5% of weight D. Absence of tears when crying

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. "Flat anterior fontanel." A sunken anterior fontanel, not flat, is a sign of severe dehydration in infants.
B. "Dry, hot skin." Dry skin is a symptom of dehydration, but "hot" skin may indicate fever rather than severe dehydration.
C. "Loss of 5% of weight." A 5% weight loss indicates mild dehydration; severe dehydration is characterized by a weight loss of 10% or more.
D. "Absence of tears when crying." Absence of tears is a reliable indicator of severe dehydration in infants.

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A nurse is planning care for a child who has cerebral palsy and is experiencing muscle spasms. Which of the following medications should the nurse expect to administer?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Explanation

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