A nurse is planning care for a school-age child diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. Which insulin preparations are either rapid or short acting? (Select all that apply.).

The correct answer is choice B. Ask the adolescent, "Why did you come here today?".

Choice A rationale:

Using the adolescent's own words in correct medical terminology to determine the problem is essential for accurate documentation, but it might not be the initial step in determining the chief complaint. The approach in choice B provides an opportunity for the adolescent to express their primary concern in their own terms.

Choice B rationale:

Asking the adolescent, "Why did you come here today?" allows them to voice their main reason for the visit in their own words. This approach respects their autonomy and encourages open communication. It also helps to identify the primary issue from the adolescent's perspective.

Choice C rationale:

While asking for a detailed listing of symptoms is important for a comprehensive health history, it might not be the best way to initially determine the chief complaint. This approach could potentially overwhelm the patient and miss the opportunity for them to express their primary concern.

Choice D rationale:

Interviewing the parent away from the adolescent might be necessary in certain situations, but it is not the best method for determining the adolescent's chief complaint. The adolescent's input is crucial for understanding their own health concerns and developing a patient-centered approach.

The correct answer is choice B. It has a harsh, barky cough.

Choice A rationale:

Spasmodic croup is characterized by sudden-onset symptoms, including a barking cough, but it is not typically associated with a high fever. The barky cough is caused by inflammation and narrowing of the upper airways, leading to a distinct sound when the child coughs.

Choice B rationale:

A harsh, barky cough is a hallmark symptom of spasmodic croup. It is caused by the swelling of the vocal cords and the upper airway, resulting in the characteristic sound. This type of croup is often triggered by viral infections and is usually not bacterial in nature.

Choice C rationale:

Spasmodic croup is usually of viral origin rather than bacterial. Bacterial infections may lead to other respiratory conditions, but they are not a distinguishing feature of spasmodic croup.

Choice D rationale:

Wheezing is not a typical manifestation of spasmodic croup. Wheezing is often associated with lower airway conditions such as asthma, while croup primarily affects the upper airways and vocal cords, leading to the barking cough.