A school nurse is screening children for scoliosis. Which assessment findings should the nurse expect to observe for scoliosis?
Unequal waist angles.
Complaints of a sore back.
Inability to bend at the waist.
An uneven hemline.
Asymmetry of the shoulders.
Correct Answer : A,D,E
The correct answers are choices A, D, and E. Unequal waist angles, an uneven hemline, and asymmetry of the shoulders.
Choice A rationale:
Unequal waist angles can be an indication of scoliosis, a condition characterized by abnormal lateral curvature of the spine. When the spine curves, it can cause one side of the waist to appear higher than the other, leading to unequal waist angles. This is a key physical finding in scoliosis assessment.
Choice B rationale:
Complaints of a sore back are a non-specific symptom and may not directly indicate scoliosis. While scoliosis can sometimes cause discomfort or pain, it's not the primary assessment finding that the nurse should expect to observe.
Choice C rationale:
Inability to bend at the waist is not a typical assessment finding of scoliosis. Scoliosis primarily involves the lateral curvature of the spine, which can lead to visible asymmetry and postural changes rather than restrictions in bending.
Choice D rationale:
An uneven hemline can be a sign of scoliosis. When the spine curves, it can cause the hips and shoulders to become misaligned, leading to changes in the alignment of clothing and accessories, such as an uneven hemline.
Choice E rationale:
Asymmetry of the shoulders is a common manifestation of scoliosis. One shoulder may appear higher than the other due to the lateral curvature of the spine. This asymmetry is often more noticeable when the child is viewed from behind.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
The correct answer is choice B. First stage.
Choice A rationale:
There is no fourth stage of Lyme disease. Lyme disease typically progresses through three stages: early localized, early disseminated, and late disseminated. The symptoms mentioned in the question are more indicative of earlier stages of the disease.
Choice B rationale:
The child is likely exhibiting symptoms of the first stage of Lyme disease, known as early localized Lyme disease. This stage is characterized by the appearance of small annular (circular) lesions known as erythema migrans. These lesions are often red and have a clear center, resembling a "bull's-eye" pattern. This stage occurs within days to weeks after a tick bite and is usually accompanied by flu-like symptoms.
Choice C rationale:
There is no third stage of Lyme disease. The third stage is considered the late disseminated stage, which occurs months to years after the initial infection. It typically involves more severe symptoms, such as arthritis, neurological issues, and cardiac abnormalities.
Choice D rationale:
There is no second stage of Lyme disease. The second stage is the early disseminated stage, which occurs weeks to a few months after the tick bite. It involves the spread of the bacteria to other parts of the body, leading to symptoms such as multiple erythema migrans lesions, flu-like symptoms, fatigue, and muscle and joint pain.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
The correct answer is choice B. It has a harsh, barky cough.
Choice A rationale:
Spasmodic croup is characterized by sudden-onset symptoms, including a barking cough, but it is not typically associated with a high fever. The barky cough is caused by inflammation and narrowing of the upper airways, leading to a distinct sound when the child coughs.
Choice B rationale:
A harsh, barky cough is a hallmark symptom of spasmodic croup. It is caused by the swelling of the vocal cords and the upper airway, resulting in the characteristic sound. This type of croup is often triggered by viral infections and is usually not bacterial in nature.
Choice C rationale:
Spasmodic croup is usually of viral origin rather than bacterial. Bacterial infections may lead to other respiratory conditions, but they are not a distinguishing feature of spasmodic croup.
Choice D rationale:
Wheezing is not a typical manifestation of spasmodic croup. Wheezing is often associated with lower airway conditions such as asthma, while croup primarily affects the upper airways and vocal cords, leading to the barking cough.
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