A nurse is planning care for several clients. Which client(s) are at an increased risk for malnutrition? Select all that apply.

A client undergoing peritoneal dialysis.

A client recovering from a severe burn injury.

A client living with progressing dementia.

A client experiencing severe depression.

A client receiving intravenous fluids for diarrhea.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,C,D,E

A. A client undergoing peritoneal dialysis is at an increased risk for malnutrition due to the loss of protein and other nutrients during the dialysis process. This can lead to deficiencies if not properly managed with dietary adjustments and supplementation.

B. A client recovering from a severe burn injury has increased metabolic demands and nutrient needs for wound healing and recovery. Without adequate nutrition, these clients are at high risk for malnutrition and related complications.

C. A client living with progressing dementia may experience difficulties with eating and maintaining proper nutrition due to cognitive decline. This can lead to unintentional weight loss and malnutrition if not addressed with appropriate interventions.

D. A client experiencing severe depression may have a reduced appetite and lack of interest in food, leading to inadequate nutrient intake and potential malnutrition. Depression can significantly impact dietary habits and overall nutritional status.

E. A client receiving intravenous fluids for diarrhea is at risk for malnutrition due to the loss of fluids and electrolytes. Diarrhea can lead to dehydration and nutrient deficiencies, making it essential to monitor and address the nutritional needs of these clients.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Yogurt is a good source of calcium and protein, but it is not particularly high in folic acid, which is essential for preventing neural tube defects. While yogurt is a healthy food choice, it does not specifically address the need for folic acid.

B. Cashews provide healthy fats and protein, but they are not a significant source of folic acid. Including nuts in the diet is beneficial for overall health, but they do not specifically help in preventing neural tube defects.

C. Asparagus is an excellent source of folic acid, which is crucial for preventing neural tube defects during pregnancy. Folic acid helps in the proper development of the neural tube, reducing the risk of defects such as spina bifida and anencephaly.

D. Chicken is a good source of protein and other nutrients, but it is not particularly high in folic acid. While it is a healthy food choice, it does not specifically address the need for folic acid to prevent neural tube defects.

A. Consume primarily soft mechanical foods. B. Take rest periods in between meals. C. Add aromatic seasonings to improve taste. D. Drink a glass of water with every meal.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice C reason:

Adding aromatic seasonings to improve taste is a practical recommendation for older adults. As people age, their sense of taste and smell can diminish, making food less appealing. Using aromatic seasonings can enhance the flavor of meals, encouraging better appetite and nutritional intake. This approach helps ensure that older adults enjoy their food and maintain a balanced diet.

Choice A reason:

Consuming primarily soft mechanical foods is not necessary for all older adults unless they have specific dental or swallowing issues. A varied diet with different textures is important for overall nutrition and enjoyment of food.

Choice B reason:

Taking rest periods in between meals is not a standard recommendation for improving nutritional intake. While rest is important, it does not directly address the nutritional needs or preferences of older adults.

Choice D reason:

Drinking a glass of water with every meal is beneficial for hydration but does not address the issue of improving the taste and appeal of food. Hydration is important, but enhancing the flavor of meals is more directly related to improving nutritional intake.

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A nurse is planning care for several clients. Which client(s) are at an increased risk for malnutrition? Select all that apply.

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

An adult female client arrives at the clinic for an annual physical exam expressing an interest in becoming pregnant and requests information about preventing neural tube defects during pregnancy. Which food should the nurse encourage the client to include in her diet?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The nurse is preparing to review nutritional guidelines with older adult clients. Which action should the nurse recommend to this age group?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Which breakfast selection should the nurse encourage a client to eat who is hospitalized with partial-thickness and full-thickness burns to both legs?

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The nurse is reviewing a nutrition plan with a client newly diagnosed with hypertension. Which statement by the client indicates an understanding of the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet?

Which meal selection by a client who is lacto-ovo-vegetarian indicates to the nurse that the client understands the use of complete proteins in the diet?

The nurse is conducting a nutrition class for a group of high school athletes. Which recommendation is best for the nurse to provide for the athletes before playing sports?

A client who is taking an antibiotic develops diarrhea. As the client resumes a regular diet, the nurse offers yogurt and buttermilk but also observes that the client has several small bruises. Which additional dietary change should the nurse offer?

A client who has migraine headaches wants to decrease the intake of foods high in tyramine to see if that will reduce the occurrence of headaches. Which food should the nurse recommend that the client eliminate?