A nurse is preparing a care plan for an infant with a congenital heart disease who will undergo corrective surgery. What should be the priority nursing intervention postoperatively?
Monitor urine output closely.
Administer prescribed analgesics on schedule.
Encourage deep breathing and coughing exercises.
Elevate the head of the bed to a 30-degree angle.
The Correct Answer is A
A) The answer is A. Monitoring urine output closely is essential postoperatively to assess kidney perfusion and fluid balance, as infants are at risk of fluid shifts after cardiac surgery.
B) Incorrect. While administering prescribed analgesics is important for postoperative pain management, it is not the priority intervention among the options provided.
C) Incorrect. Encouraging deep breathing and coughing exercises is important to prevent respiratory complications, but it is not the priority intervention immediately after cardiac surgery.
D) Incorrect. Elevating the head of the bed can help with respiratory effort, but it is not the priority intervention. Monitoring urine output and fluid balance is more critical in the early postoperative period.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A) This option is incorrect. Family history of congenital heart diseases is a significant risk factor. If a close family member has had a congenital heart defect, the risk of recurrence in subsequent pregnancies may be higher.
B) Correct answer. Exposure to certain infections during pregnancy, such as rubella (German measles), can increase the risk of congenital heart diseases in the baby. Rubella is known to be teratogenic, meaning it can cause birth defects.
C) This option is incorrect. While a healthy lifestyle during pregnancy is important for overall maternal and fetal health, it is not the primary risk factor for congenital heart diseases.
D) This option is incorrect. While genetic factors play a significant role in the etiology of congenital heart diseases, there are other identifiable risk factors, as mentioned in option B.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A) Correct answer. Regular prenatal care, including fetal echocardiography, allows for early detection of certain congenital heart diseases in the fetus. This enables appropriate management and planning for the baby's care after birth.
B) This option is incorrect. While prenatal care is essential for overall maternal and fetal health, it is not related to heart transplant considerations.
C) This option is incorrect. Congenital heart diseases can be detected during pregnancy through fetal echocardiography and other diagnostic tests.
D) This option is incorrect. Prenatal care involves monitoring the health and development of the fetus and aims to address potential issues to ensure a healthy pregnancy and baby, including the early detection and management of congenital heart diseases.
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