A nurse is preparing an educational program about death and dying for the guardians of children who have a terminal illness. Which of the following information should the nurse include?

Preschoolers believe their illness is punishment for their misbehavior.

Preschoolers are interested in what happens to the body after death.

Adolescents worry more about death than the physical changes that can occur as a result of the illness.

Toddlers personify death as being a type of monster.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Preschoolers believe their illness is punishment for their misbehavior: This statement is true. Preschool-aged children often have a limited understanding of illness and may associate it with punishment. They might think that their illness is a consequence of something they did wrong. As a nurse, it’s essential to address these misconceptions and provide age-appropriate explanations to help them understand their condition better.

B. Preschoolers are interested in what happens to the body after death: Preschoolers may have curiosity about death and what happens afterward, but their understanding is typically limited. They may ask simple questions about death and may need age-appropriate explanations about the concept. Providing information in a sensitive and honest manner can help address their curiosity and alleviate fears.

C. Adolescents worry more about death than the physical changes that can occur as a result of the illness: Adolescents facing terminal illness may have complex emotions and concerns about both death and the physical changes associated with their illness. It's important to acknowledge and address both aspects of their experience, providing opportunities for adolescents to express their feelings and concerns in a supportive environment.

D. Toddlers personify death as being a type of monster: Toddlers often have limited understanding of death and may personify it in different ways, including as a monster or some other abstract concept. It's essential for guardians to provide comfort and reassurance to toddlers who may experience fear or confusion about death. Providing simple and concrete explanations about death, tailored to their developmental level, can help alleviate anxiety.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. "What are your reasons for making this decision today?"

This response demonstrates active listening and allows the parent to express their reasons for wanting to discontinue treatment. It opens up a dialogue between the nurse and the parent, which is important for understanding their perspective.

B. "You should discuss your concerns with your child's provider."

While it's important for the parent to communicate with the child's healthcare provider, this response may come across as dismissive of the parent's concerns and decision-making process.

C. "You should give the treatment a chance to work before giving up."

This response may seem judgmental and dismissive of the parent's feelings and autonomy. It does not address the parent's concerns and may further strain the nurse-parent relationship.

D. "Do you need assistance gathering your child's belongings to return home?"

This response is practical but does not address the underlying reasons for the parent's desire to discontinue treatment. It's important for the nurse to engage in therapeutic communication and explore the parent's concerns further.

A. "You should give your child aspirin if they report pain at the site." B. "You can remove the pressure dressing 8 hours after the procedure." C. "Your child can soak in the bathtub 24 hours after the procedure." D. "Your child should avoid strenuous physical activities for several days."

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. "You should give your child aspirin if they report pain at the site."

This statement is incorrect. Aspirin is a blood-thinning medication that can increase the risk of bleeding, which is particularly concerning after a cardiac catheterization procedure. It is not recommended to administer aspirin unless specifically instructed by the healthcare provider.

B. "You can remove the pressure dressing 8 hours after the procedure."

This statement is incorrect. The pressure dressing applied after a cardiac catheterization procedure is typically left in place for a specific period of time, as determined by the healthcare provider. The dressing helps prevent bleeding at the insertion site. It is essential to follow the healthcare provider's instructions regarding the timing of dressing removal.

C. "Your child can soak in the bathtub 24 hours after the procedure."

This statement is incorrect. Immersing the insertion site in water, such as soaking in a bathtub, should be avoided for a certain period after a cardiac catheterization procedure to reduce the risk of infection. The healthcare provider will provide specific instructions on when it is safe for the child to bathe or shower.

D. "Your child should avoid strenuous physical activities for several days."

This statement is correct. After a cardiac catheterization procedure, it is typically recommended to avoid strenuous physical activities for a specified period to allow the insertion site to heal properly and reduce the risk of complications such as bleeding or hematoma formation.

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