A nurse is preparing to administer a 5 mg IV bolus of metoprolol to a patient for heart rate control.

The available metoprolol injection is 1 mg/mL. How many mL should the nurse administer per dose?

(Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)

Choice A rationale

After a total laryngectomy, patients may have difficulty swallowing fluids due to changes in the anatomy of the throat.

Choice B rationale

It is not accurate to say that it is no longer possible for the patient to choke on or aspirate food after a total laryngectomy. While the risk of aspiration is reduced because the airway and digestive tract are separated, the patient can still experience choking on food if it is not properly swallowed.

Choice C rationale

Adding a thickener to liquids can help prevent aspiration, but this is typically more relevant for patients with dysphagia or other swallowing disorders, not specifically for patients post- laryngectomy.

Choice D rationale

Tucking the chin when swallowing, also known as the chin-tuck maneuver, can help prevent aspiration by narrowing the entrance to the airway. This can be a useful technique for patients after a laryngectomy.

Choice A rationale

Drinking a full glass of water after taking the medication is a good practice when taking calcium carbonate antacids. This helps to ensure that the medication is fully swallowed and reaches the stomach, where it can neutralize stomach acid.

Choice B rationale

Limiting sodium intake is not directly related to the use of calcium carbonate antacids. While a low-sodium diet may be recommended for other health reasons, it is not a specific recommendation for patients taking this medication.

Choice C rationale

Consuming the medication alongside dairy products to enhance absorption is not recommended. Calcium carbonate antacids can interact with dairy products, potentially leading to an excessive intake of calcium.

Choice D rationale

Reducing dietary fiber to counteract the potential side effect of diarrhea is not a typical recommendation for patients taking calcium carbonate antacids. While calcium carbonate can cause constipation in some people, it does not typically cause diarrhea.