A nurse is preparing to administer ciprofloxacin to a client. The nurse should identify that the medication is treatment for exposure to which of the following agents?

Smallpox

Anthrax

Ebola virus

Sarin gas

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason: Smallpox

Smallpox is a viral disease caused by the variola virus. It was eradicated globally in 1980 through a successful vaccination campaign. Treatment for smallpox primarily involves supportive care and antiviral medications, such as tecovirimat, rather than antibiotics like ciprofloxacin. Ciprofloxacin is ineffective against viral infections, including smallpox.

Choice B reason: Anthrax

Anthrax is a serious infectious disease caused by the bacterium Bacillus anthracis. Ciprofloxacin is one of the primary antibiotics used for the treatment and post-exposure prophylaxis of anthrax. It works by inhibiting bacterial DNA gyrase, which is essential for bacterial replication. Ciprofloxacin is effective against both cutaneous and inhalational forms of anthrax, making it a critical component in the management of anthrax exposure.

Choice C reason: Ebola virus

Ebola virus disease (EVD) is caused by the Ebola virus, a member of the Filoviridae family. Treatment for EVD primarily involves supportive care, including rehydration and management of symptoms. Antiviral medications, such as remdesivir, may also be used. Ciprofloxacin, being an antibiotic, is not effective against viral infections like Ebola.

Choice D reason: Sarin gas

Sarin gas is a highly toxic nerve agent used in chemical warfare. Exposure to sarin gas requires immediate medical intervention, including the administration of antidotes such as atropine and pralidoxime, as well as supportive care. Antibiotics like ciprofloxacin are not used in the treatment of chemical agent exposure, as they do not counteract the effects of nerve agents.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason:

Obtaining a 12-lead ECG is crucial for a client with a potassium level of 6.8 mEq/L, which indicates hyperkalemia. Hyperkalemia can cause life-threatening cardiac dysrhythmias, and an ECG can help detect these abnormalities early.

Choice B reason:

Suggesting that the client use a salt substitute is not appropriate in this situation. Many salt substitutes contain potassium chloride, which can further increase potassium levels and exacerbate hyperkalemia.

Choice C reason:

Asking the client to add citrus juices and bananas to her diet is also inappropriate. These foods are high in potassium and can worsen hyperkalemia.

Choice D reason:

While obtaining a blood sample for a serum sodium level can be part of the overall assessment, it is not the immediate priority. The primary concern with hyperkalemia is the risk of cardiac dysrhythmias, which makes obtaining a 12-lead ECG the most urgent action.

A. A client who has Guillain-Barré syndrome B. A client who has systemic sclerosis C. A client who has amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) D. A client who has a lumbosacral spinal tumor

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason:

A client who has Guillain-Barré syndrome: Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) can cause significant muscle weakness and paralysis, including the muscles involved in swallowing. Clients with GBS are at high risk for aspiration and may require specialized feeding techniques or assistance from a nurse rather than an AP.

Choice B reason:

A client who has systemic sclerosis: Systemic sclerosis, also known as scleroderma, can affect the esophagus and cause difficulty swallowing. These clients may need careful monitoring and assistance with meals to prevent choking and ensure adequate nutrition.

Choice C reason:

A client who has amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS): ALS affects the motor neurons and can lead to progressive muscle weakness, including the muscles involved in swallowing. Clients with ALS often require specialized feeding techniques and close monitoring during meals to prevent aspiration.

Choice D reason:

A client who has a lumbosacral spinal tumor: A lumbosacral spinal tumor primarily affects the lower back and may cause pain or mobility issues, but it does not typically impair swallowing. Therefore, this client is the most appropriate for the AP to assist with meals, as they are less likely to have complications related to eating.

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A nurse is preparing to administer ciprofloxacin to a client. The nurse should identify that the medication is treatment for exposure to which of the following agents?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who has hypertension and has a potassium level of 6.8 mEq/L. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse and an assistive personnel (AP) are providing care for four clients who were admitted to the medical-surgical unit on the previous shift. The nurse should delegate meal assistance for which of the following clients to the AP?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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A public health nurse is teaching a group of nurses about smallpox. Which of the following statements by one of the nurses indicates understanding of the teaching?