A nurse is preparing to administer ciprofloxacin to a client. The nurse should identify that the medication is treatment for exposure to which of the following agents?
Smallpox
Anthrax
Ebola virus
Sarin gas
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: Smallpox
Smallpox is a viral disease caused by the variola virus. It was eradicated globally in 1980 through a successful vaccination campaign. Treatment for smallpox primarily involves supportive care and antiviral medications, such as tecovirimat, rather than antibiotics like ciprofloxacin. Ciprofloxacin is ineffective against viral infections, including smallpox.
Choice B reason: Anthrax
Anthrax is a serious infectious disease caused by the bacterium Bacillus anthracis. Ciprofloxacin is one of the primary antibiotics used for the treatment and post-exposure prophylaxis of anthrax. It works by inhibiting bacterial DNA gyrase, which is essential for bacterial replication. Ciprofloxacin is effective against both cutaneous and inhalational forms of anthrax, making it a critical component in the management of anthrax exposure.
Choice C reason: Ebola virus
Ebola virus disease (EVD) is caused by the Ebola virus, a member of the Filoviridae family. Treatment for EVD primarily involves supportive care, including rehydration and management of symptoms. Antiviral medications, such as remdesivir, may also be used. Ciprofloxacin, being an antibiotic, is not effective against viral infections like Ebola.
Choice D reason: Sarin gas
Sarin gas is a highly toxic nerve agent used in chemical warfare. Exposure to sarin gas requires immediate medical intervention, including the administration of antidotes such as atropine and pralidoxime, as well as supportive care. Antibiotics like ciprofloxacin are not used in the treatment of chemical agent exposure, as they do not counteract the effects of nerve agents.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["0.2"]
Explanation
Step 1: Determine the concentration of morphine sulfate available. = 10 mg/mL
Step 2: Determine the dose of morphine sulfate to be administered. = 2 mg
Step 3: Calculate the volume to be administered using the formula: Volume to be administered = Dose ÷ Concentration
Step 4: Perform the division. Calculation: 2 mg ÷ 10 mg/mL = 0.2 mL
Step 5: Round the answer to the nearest tenth if necessary. = 0.2 mL (no rounding needed)
The nurse should administer 0.2 mL per dose.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: Hemorrhage
Hemorrhage is a significant and immediate postoperative complication following a transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). This procedure involves removing part of the prostate gland, which can lead to bleeding. Monitoring for signs of hemorrhage, such as a significant drop in blood pressure, increased heart rate, and visible blood in the urine, is crucial. Early detection and intervention are essential to manage bleeding and prevent severe complications. Hemorrhage can lead to hypovolemic shock if not addressed promptly, making it the priority complication to monitor for.
Choice B reason: Infection
Infection is a common postoperative complication, but it typically develops a few days after surgery rather than immediately. Signs of infection include fever, chills, and increased white blood cell count. While it is important to monitor for infection, it is not the immediate priority compared to hemorrhage. Preventive measures, such as maintaining sterile techniques and administering prophylactic antibiotics, can help reduce the risk of infection.
Choice C reason: Urinary retention
Urinary retention can occur after TURP due to swelling or blood clots obstructing the urethra. This condition can cause discomfort and increase the risk of bladder damage. Monitoring for urinary retention involves assessing the client’s ability to void and checking for bladder distention. While it is an important complication to monitor, it is not as immediately life-threatening as hemorrhage.
Choice D reason: Pain
Pain is a common postoperative symptom and should be managed effectively to ensure the client’s comfort and recovery. However, pain management is typically addressed through prescribed analgesics and is not considered a life-threatening complication. Monitoring for pain and providing appropriate pain relief are essential aspects of postoperative care, but they do not take precedence over monitoring for hemorrhage.
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