A nurse is preparing to administer diphenhydramine to a client who is to receive a blood transfusion. The nurse should explain that the purpose diphenhydramine is to prevent which of the following manifestations of a transfusion reaction?

Low-back pain

Fever

Dyspnea

Urticaria

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A) Low-back pain:
Low-back pain is not typically associated with transfusion reactions. While certain complications of blood transfusions, such as transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) or hemolytic reactions, can cause back pain, diphenhydramine is not specifically administered to prevent this manifestation.

B) Fever:
Fever can be a manifestation of various transfusion reactions, including febrile non-hemolytic reactions or bacterial contamination of blood products. However, diphenhydramine is not typically administered to prevent fever associated with transfusion reactions. Instead, measures such as leukoreduction of blood products or premedication with acetaminophen may be used to reduce the risk of febrile reactions.

C) Dyspnea:
Dyspnea, or difficulty breathing, can occur in severe transfusion reactions such as transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) or anaphylaxis. While diphenhydramine may be part of the treatment for anaphylaxis, it is not specifically administered to prevent dyspnea associated with transfusion reactions.

D) Urticaria.
Urticaria, commonly known as hives, is a common manifestation of an allergic transfusion reaction. Diphenhydramine is an antihistamine medication that can help prevent or alleviate allergic reactions, including urticaria, by blocking the action of histamine, a substance released during allergic reactions. Administering diphenhydramine before a blood transfusion is a preventive measure to reduce the risk of allergic transfusion reactions, including urticaria.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A) "I will take the medication for diarrhea."
Docusate sodium is not typically used to treat diarrhea. It is specifically indicated for constipation and is not effective for treating diarrhea.

B) "I will have soft stools 1 to 3 days after starting this medication."
Docusate sodium is a stool softener used to treat constipation by increasing the amount of water absorbed by the stool in the intestines, making it softer and easier to pass. The client's understanding that soft stools should occur 1 to 3 days after starting the medication demonstrates comprehension of the medication's expected effect.

C) "I will drink one half glass of water when I take the medication."
While it's generally a good idea to take docusate sodium with a full glass of water to help prevent dehydration and facilitate the softening of stool, the statement doesn't address the intended effect of the medication or the timing of stool softening.

D) "I can take this medication with mineral oil."
Taking docusate sodium with mineral oil is not recommended without consulting a healthcare provider. Mineral oil can interfere with the absorption of docusate sodium and reduce its effectiveness. It's important for the client to follow their healthcare provider's instructions regarding medication administration.

A. Take albuterol first. B. The order of administration does not matter C. Take salmeterol first D. They should not be taken together.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A) Take albuterol first.
Taking albuterol before salmeterol does not address the potential interaction between the two medications. It is important to avoid taking them together rather than just adjusting the order of administration.

B) The order of administration does not matter.
The order of administration does matter when it comes to medications with potential interactions. In this case, both albuterol and salmeterol are bronchodilators, and taking them together can increase the risk of adverse effects.

C) Take salmeterol first.
Similar to taking albuterol first, taking salmeterol before albuterol does not address the potential interaction between the two medications. The priority is to avoid taking them together unless specifically directed by the healthcare provider.

D) They should not be taken together.
Albuterol and salmeterol are both bronchodilators used to treat respiratory conditions such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Albuterol is a short-acting beta agonist (SABA), typically used for quick relief of acute bronchoconstriction, while salmeterol is a long-acting beta agonist (LABA), used for long-term control and prevention of bronchospasm. Taking both medications together can increase the risk of side effects, including excessive stimulation of the beta receptors and potential cardiovascular effects. Therefore, it is important to follow healthcare provider's instructions and avoid taking albuterol and salmeterol together unless specifically directed to do so.

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A nurse is preparing to administer diphenhydramine to a client who is to receive a blood transfusion. The nurse should explain that the purpose diphenhydramine is to prevent which of the following manifestations of a transfusion reaction?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for docusate sodium. The nurse should recognize which of the following statements indicates the client understands the teaching?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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Correct Answer is D

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