A nurse is reinforcing teaching to a school-age child who has asthma. Which of the following medications should the nurse instruct the child to use to abort an ongoing attack?

Montelukast

Fluticasone

Cromolyn

Albuterol

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A) Montelukast:
Montelukast is a leukotriene receptor antagonist (LTRA) used as a controller or maintenance medication for asthma. It is not used for the immediate relief of asthma symptoms during an acute attack. Montelukast is taken regularly to prevent asthma symptoms and reduce the frequency of asthma attacks, but it does not provide rapid relief during an ongoing attack.

B) Fluticasone:
Fluticasone is an inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) used as a controller medication for asthma. It works by reducing airway inflammation and is taken regularly to control asthma symptoms and prevent exacerbations. Fluticasone is not used for the immediate relief of acute asthma symptoms and is not suitable for aborting an ongoing asthma attack.

C) Cromolyn:
Cromolyn is a mast cell stabilizer used as a controller medication for asthma. It helps prevent the release of inflammatory substances that contribute to asthma symptoms. Cromolyn is taken regularly to prevent asthma symptoms and reduce the frequency of asthma attacks but is not used for the immediate relief of acute asthma symptoms like albuterol.

D) Albuterol.
Albuterol is a short-acting beta agonist (SABA) bronchodilator used for the quick relief of asthma symptoms during an acute asthma attack or exacerbation. It works rapidly to relax the smooth muscles in the airways, opening them up and relieving bronchoconstriction, which improves airflow and alleviates symptoms such as wheezing, shortness of breath, and chest tightness. Albuterol is typically administered via inhalation through a metered-dose inhaler (MDI) or a nebulizer.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A) Theophylline:
Theophylline is a bronchodilator medication that is used for the long-term management of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It has a slower onset of action compared to short-acting beta-agonists like albuterol and is not typically used as the initial treatment for acute asthma exacerbations.

B) Montelukast:
Montelukast is a leukotriene receptor antagonist used for the long-term control and prevention of asthma symptoms, but it is not typically used as the initial treatment for acute asthma exacerbations. Its onset of action is slower compared to short-acting beta-agonists like albuterol.

C) Albuterol.
Albuterol is a short-acting beta agonist bronchodilator commonly used as a first-line treatment for acute asthma exacerbations. It works by quickly relaxing the smooth muscles of the airways, leading to rapid bronchodilation and improvement of airflow. This can help alleviate the patient's symptoms of shortness of breath and wheezing.

D) Salmeterol:
Salmeterol is a long-acting beta-agonist bronchodilator used for the maintenance treatment of asthma and COPD, but it is not typically used as the initial treatment for acute asthma exacerbations. Its onset of action is slower compared to short-acting beta-agonists like albuterol, and it is not recommended for rapid relief of acute symptoms.

Correct Answer is ["5"]

Explanation

To determine how many hours it will take for the IV pump to infuse the 1000 mL bag of 0.9% sodium chloride at a rate of 200 mL/hr, we can use the following formula:

Time (hr) = Volume (mL)/Rate (mL/hr)

Given:

Volume = 1000 mL

Rate = 200 mL/hr

Substitute the given values into the formula:

Time (hr)=1000 mL/200 mL/hr

Time (hr)=5hours

Rounding to the nearest whole number, the IV pump will infuse over 5 hours.

Therefore, the nurse should expect the IV pump to infuse over 5 hours.

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A nurse is reinforcing teaching to a school-age child who has asthma. Which of the following medications should the nurse instruct the child to use to abort an ongoing attack?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Correct Answer is ["5"]

Explanation

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