The nurse explains to the client the different ways to administer inhalation medications. Which administration technique should be included in the teaching session?(Select All that Apply.)

Metered-dose inhaler

Nebulizer

Hypodermic syringe

Feeding tube syringe

Dry powder inhaler

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,E

A. Metered-dose inhaler (MDI): MDIs deliver a specific dose of medication in aerosol form. They consist of a pressurized canister containing medication and a mouthpiece or mask for inhalation. Patients must coordinate inhalation with actuation to ensure proper medication delivery to the lungs.

B. Nebulizer: Nebulizers convert liquid medication into a fine mist that can be inhaled directly into the lungs. They are commonly used for patients who have difficulty using MDIs or require higher doses of medication. Nebulizers are often used in acute care settings or at home for patients with chronic respiratory conditions.

C. Hypodermic syringe: Hypodermic syringes are used for administering injections subcutaneously, intramuscularly, or intravenously. They are not used for inhalation medication administration.

D. Feeding tube syringe: Feeding tube syringes are used for administering liquid medications or enteral feeds through feeding tubes directly into the gastrointestinal tract. They are not used for inhalation medication administration.

E. Dry powder inhaler (DPI): DPIs deliver medication in powdered form, which is activated by the patient's inhalation. Unlike MDIs, DPIs do not require coordination between actuation and inhalation. Instead, patients inhale forcefully to disperse the medication into their lungs.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A) Chronic diarrhea:
Overuse of laxatives is more likely to lead to chronic constipation rather than chronic diarrhea. Laxatives are typically used to treat constipation by promoting bowel movements, but overuse can disrupt normal bowel function and result in long-term constipation.

B) Chronic constipation.
Overuse of laxatives can lead to dependence on laxatives for bowel movements and can cause the smooth muscle in the colon to become less responsive to normal stimuli, resulting in decreased muscle tone. This can eventually lead to chronic constipation, where the colon becomes less effective at moving stool through the digestive tract, resulting in infrequent or difficult bowel movements.

C) Frequent vomiting:
Overuse of laxatives does not typically lead to frequent vomiting. Vomiting is more commonly associated with conditions affecting the upper gastrointestinal tract, such as gastroenteritis, gastritis, or other gastrointestinal disorders.

D) Chronic nausea:
Overuse of laxatives may cause gastrointestinal discomfort or upset stomach, but it is not typically associated with chronic nausea. Chronic nausea may be caused by various factors such as gastrointestinal disorders, medications, or other underlying medical conditions unrelated to laxative use.

A. Montelukast B. Fluticasone C. Cromolyn D. Albuterol

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A) Montelukast:
Montelukast is a leukotriene receptor antagonist (LTRA) used as a controller or maintenance medication for asthma. It is not used for the immediate relief of asthma symptoms during an acute attack. Montelukast is taken regularly to prevent asthma symptoms and reduce the frequency of asthma attacks, but it does not provide rapid relief during an ongoing attack.

B) Fluticasone:
Fluticasone is an inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) used as a controller medication for asthma. It works by reducing airway inflammation and is taken regularly to control asthma symptoms and prevent exacerbations. Fluticasone is not used for the immediate relief of acute asthma symptoms and is not suitable for aborting an ongoing asthma attack.

C) Cromolyn:
Cromolyn is a mast cell stabilizer used as a controller medication for asthma. It helps prevent the release of inflammatory substances that contribute to asthma symptoms. Cromolyn is taken regularly to prevent asthma symptoms and reduce the frequency of asthma attacks but is not used for the immediate relief of acute asthma symptoms like albuterol.

D) Albuterol.
Albuterol is a short-acting beta agonist (SABA) bronchodilator used for the quick relief of asthma symptoms during an acute asthma attack or exacerbation. It works rapidly to relax the smooth muscles in the airways, opening them up and relieving bronchoconstriction, which improves airflow and alleviates symptoms such as wheezing, shortness of breath, and chest tightness. Albuterol is typically administered via inhalation through a metered-dose inhaler (MDI) or a nebulizer.

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The nurse explains to the client the different ways to administer inhalation medications. Which administration technique should be included in the teaching session?(Select All that Apply.)

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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