A nurse is preparing to administer medication to a toddler.
Which of the following actions should the nurse take? Select all that apply.

Choice A rationale

While it’s important to explain to a child why they are receiving medication, simply telling them that it will make them feel better may not be enough to alleviate their fear or anxiety about receiving an injection.

Choice B rationale

Asking the parents to hold the child during an injection can be traumatic for both the child and the parent. It’s generally recommended to have a trained healthcare professional hold the child in a safe and secure manner.

Choice C rationale

Allowing the child to hold a favorite toy can provide comfort and distraction during the injection.

Choice D rationale

While it might seem like a good idea to administer the medication in the child’s room where they feel safe, this can actually make the child associate their safe space with negative experiences.

Choice A rationale

A protruding tongue is a common characteristic in children diagnosed with Down syndrome. This is due to hypotonia (low muscle tone) and a relatively small oral cavity.

Choice B rationale

An outward slant to the eyes, also known as upslanting palpebral fissures, is a common characteristic in children with Down syndrome.

Choice C rationale

Wide-spaced front teeth are not typically associated with Down syndrome. Dental anomalies in Down syndrome often include delayed eruption of teeth and missing or extra teeth.

Choice D rationale

Curved, small fingers are a common characteristic in children with Down syndrome. This is part of the typical hand morphology that may also include a single palmar crease.

Choice E rationale

Simian creases, also known as single palmar creases, are common in children with Down syndrome. This is a single crease that runs across the palm of the hand, instead of the usual three creases.