A nurse is preparing to discharge a client who has depression. Which of the following information should the nurse plan to reinforce with the client regarding relapse?

Use systematic desensitization to help prevent relapse.

Your antidepressant medication will make you feel better in a few days.

You should identify how you react to stressful events.

Try snapping a rubber band on your wrist when depressive thoughts occur.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A reason: Systematic desensitization is a technique primarily used for anxiety disorders and phobias, rather than for preventing relapse in depression. This method involves gradually exposing a person to anxiety-provoking stimuli while teaching them relaxation techniques to cope with the anxiety. While it is an effective therapeutic tool, it is not specifically aimed at preventing relapse in depression. Instead, it is more suitable for conditions where anxiety and avoidance behaviors are predominant issues.

Choice B reason: Antidepressant medications typically take several weeks to begin showing their full therapeutic effects, not just a few days. Telling a client that they will feel better in a few days can lead to unrealistic expectations and potential disappointment if the medication does not work immediately. Clients should be informed that it might take a few weeks to notice significant improvements and that they should continue taking the medication as prescribed and follow up with their healthcare provider.

Choice C reason: Identifying how one reacts to stressful events is crucial in managing depression and preventing relapse. Stressful events can trigger or exacerbate depressive episodes. By understanding their responses to stress, clients can develop coping strategies and seek appropriate support when needed. This proactive approach helps in recognizing early signs of relapse and implementing measures to mitigate the impact of stress on their mental health. Therefore, this advice is practical and directly applicable to preventing depression relapse.

Choice D reason: Snapping a rubber band on the wrist as a way to interrupt depressive thoughts is a behavioral technique that might work for some individuals in the short term. However, it is not a comprehensive strategy for preventing depression relapse. This method is more of a distraction technique and does not address the underlying issues or equip the client with long-term coping strategies. Effective relapse prevention in depression involves a more holistic approach, including cognitive-behavioral techniques, medication adherence, and lifestyle changes.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: This statement is incorrect because individuals with bulimia nervosa can engage in other purging behaviors, such as the use of laxatives or excessive exercise, even if they do not vomit after eating. Therefore, the absence of vomiting does not rule out the diagnosis of bulimia nervosa.

Choice B reason: While individuals with bulimia nervosa may experience fluctuations in blood sugar levels due to their disordered eating behaviors, they are not specifically at a higher risk for developing diabetes mellitus compared to the general population. The primary health risks associated with bulimia nervosa are related to electrolyte imbalances, gastrointestinal issues, and cardiovascular complications.

Choice C reason: Bulimia nervosa can be difficult to detect because individuals with this disorder often maintain a weight that is within the average or ideal range. This can make it challenging for others to recognize the presence of an eating disorder, as the physical appearance may not immediately suggest a problem.

Choice D reason: This statement is incorrect because individuals with bulimia nervosa typically engage in binge eating episodes, during which they consume a large amount of food in a short period of time. These binge eating episodes are a key characteristic of the disorder and distinguish it from other eating disorders.

A. A decrease in appetite is expected when beginning treatment. B. Using this medication will help minimize symptoms of withdrawal. C. Expect to stop smoking immediately after starting this medication. D. Apply a new patch every 4 hours until your cravings diminish.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: A decrease in appetite is not a typical effect of starting a nicotine transdermal system. In fact, individuals may experience an increase in appetite and potential weight gain after quitting smoking, as nicotine acts as an appetite suppressant. It is important for clients to be aware of this potential change so they can plan healthy eating habits and manage their weight effectively.

Choice B reason: Nicotine replacement therapy, including the nicotine transdermal system, is designed to help minimize symptoms of nicotine withdrawal. These symptoms can include cravings, irritability, anxiety, and difficulty concentrating. By providing a controlled release of nicotine, the transdermal system helps reduce the intensity of withdrawal symptoms and supports the quitting process.

Choice C reason: It is unrealistic to expect clients to stop smoking immediately after starting a nicotine transdermal system. The goal of nicotine replacement therapy is to gradually reduce dependence on nicotine while managing withdrawal symptoms. Clients are often encouraged to set a quit date and use the transdermal system as part of a comprehensive plan to stop smoking over time.

Choice D reason: Applying a new patch every 4 hours is incorrect and impractical. Nicotine transdermal patches are typically designed to be worn for 16 to 24 hours, depending on the specific product. Clients should follow the manufacturer's instructions and their healthcare provider's guidance for the proper use of the patch, usually replacing it once a day.

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A nurse is preparing to discharge a client who has depression. Which of the following information should the nurse plan to reinforce with the client regarding relapse?

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