A nurse is preparing to provide care for a client in the emergency department who has syndrome of Inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). The client has a serum sodium of 115 mEq/L (136-145 mEq/L). Which of the following IV solutions should the nurse anticipate will be prescribed?
3% sodium chloride
0.99% sodium chloride
Dextrose 59% in 0.99% sodium chloride
Dextrose 5% in 0.45% sodium chloride
The Correct Answer is A
A. 3% sodium chloride is a hypertonic solution used to treat severe hyponatremia by raising the serum sodium levels rapidly.
B. 0.9% sodium chloride is isotonic and would not be sufficient to correct severe hyponatremia as quickly.
C. Dextrose 5% in 0.9% sodium chloride is not typically used for severe hyponatremia treatment.
D. Dextrose 5% in 0.45% sodium chloride is hypotonic and not suitable for treating severe hyponatremia.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","E","F"]
Explanation
A. Close contact with an infected person increases the risk of transmission of meningitis.
B. Regular handwashing is a preventive measure, not a risk factor.
C. Immunization against meningococcal disease is a preventive measure, not a risk factor.
D. Consuming unpasteurized dairy products is more associated with listeriosis than meningitis.
E. Living in crowded conditions facilitates the spread of infectious agents causing meningitis.
F. Poor hygiene practices can increase the risk of contracting infections, including meningitis.
Correct Answer is ["22.6"]
Explanation
To calculate the IV pump setting, first convert the client's weight from pounds to kilograms, knowing that 1 kilogram equals 2.2 pounds. The client weighs 166 pounds, which is approximately 75.45 kilograms. Next, calculate the dosage in units per hour by multiplying the client's weight in kilograms by the ordered dosage of 15 units/kg/hr, which equals 1131.75 units/hr. Since Heparin is available as 25,000 units in 500 ml, divide the total units in the bag by the volume to find the concentration, which is 50 units/ml. Finally, divide the dosage required per hour by the concentration to find the volume to be administered per hour. Therefore, the IV pump should be set to approximately 22.6 ml/hr, rounding to the nearest tenth.
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