A nurse is presenting healthy living information to a group of older adults. Which of the following vaccines should the nurse recommend?

A. Primary prevention: This strategy aims to prevent the onset of disease or injury before it occurs. By educating adolescents on the dangers of smoking, the nurse is promoting behaviors that reduce the risk of starting tobacco use, thereby preventing potential health issues like cancer or cardiovascular disease.

B. Tertiary prevention: This involves managing and reducing complications in individuals who already have a disease. The nurse is not treating or managing existing health issues related to smoking but is trying to prevent tobacco use entirely.

C. Screening: Screening identifies individuals who may have a disease or risk factor early on. No diagnostic or early detection efforts are involved in this educational session.

D. Case findings: Case finding involves actively identifying individuals with a specific condition, often through outreach or assessment. The nurse is not identifying smokers or tobacco-related illness in this scenario.

A. Community organizations: Community organizations fall under the “social and community context” domain of social determinants of health. They influence social support, civic participation, and interpersonal relationships, but are not considered a component of the physical environment.

B. Level of education: Level of education is categorized under the “education access and quality” domain. It encompasses early childhood education, literacy, and higher education, which are important for long-term health outcomes but not part of the built environment.

C. Quality of housing: Quality of housing is a key element of the “neighborhood and built environment” domain. It directly affects physical health and safety through exposure to hazards such as lead, mold, and inadequate heating or ventilation. Poor housing conditions are linked to higher rates of chronic illness and injury.

D. Health insurance coverage: Health insurance coverage is part of the “health care access and quality” domain. It affects an individual’s ability to seek medical services but is unrelated to the physical or structural aspects of a neighborhood’s environment.