A nurse is providing care to a client who is preparing to undergo surgery. The client inquires about advance directives. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?

"Advance directives are the same as a consent form for health care treatment."

"Advance directives protect your right to make your own health care decisions."

"Advance directives must be approved by your lawyer."

"Advance directives are for clients who have life-threatening conditions."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason: Advance directives outline future care wishes, unlike consent for immediate treatment. This conflates distinct legal documents, misinforming the client.

Choice B reason: Advance directives ensure autonomy, letting clients dictate care preferences pre-surgery. This accurately conveys their purpose in healthcare decision-making.

Choice C reason: Lawyer approval isn’t required; forms are legally valid with witnesses. This overstates complexity, deterring clients from creating directives.

Choice D reason: Directives apply to all, not just life-threatening cases. They’re proactive for any surgery, so this limits their broad applicability.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: Massaging a DVT risks dislodging the clot, causing embolism. In postpartum with anticoagulants, this is contraindicated to prevent lethal complications.

Choice B reason: Bed rest minimizes clot movement in DVT, aiding anticoagulation postpartum. It reduces embolism risk, a critical safety measure in this scenario.

Choice C reason: Ice may reduce swelling, but it’s not standard for DVT with anticoagulants. Elevation and rest are prioritized over cold therapy here.

Choice D reason: Aspirin isn’t used with anticoagulants like heparin; it increases bleeding risk. Postpartum DVT needs specific pain management, not this drug.

A. Voice alteration B. Neck pain C. Tingling of the scalp D. Temporary memory loss

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: Voice alteration isn’t linked to ECT; it affects brain function, not vocal cords. Post-procedure, neurological effects dominate, not laryngeal changes.

Choice B reason: Neck pain may occur from positioning, but it’s not a primary ECT reaction. Muscle relaxants minimize strain, making this less common.

Choice C reason: Scalp tingling could stem from electrodes, but it’s rare and minor. ECT’s electrical impact targets memory and mood, not sensory nerves.

Choice D reason: Temporary memory loss is a well-documented ECT side effect, from disrupted hippocampal function. It’s expected, often resolving, and key to inform clients.

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A nurse is providing care to a client who is preparing to undergo surgery. The client inquires about advance directives. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?

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A nurse is providing care to a client who is preparing to undergo surgery. The client inquires about advance directives. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?