A nurse is providing discharge education to a client who had a calcium oxalate stone. Which dietary modification should the nurse include in the client's plan of care?

A. Excessive water intake is not a risk factor for kidney stones. In fact, adequate hydration is encouraged to prevent kidney stone formation.

B. Low dietary calcium intake is not a common risk factor for kidney stones. In some cases, excessive calcium supplementation may be a risk factor, but dietary calcium is generally not a concern.

C. This is the correct answer. Family history, a diet high in protein and salt, and dehydration are common risk factors for kidney stones.

D. Kidney stones are not mostly caused by consuming too many fruits and vegetables. Fruits and vegetables are generally considered beneficial for kidney health.

A. Pain relief is important in managing kidney stone pain, but potassium citrate is not primarily prescribed for this purpose.

B. Acid-base balance regulation may be one of the functions of potassium citrate, but it is not the primary purpose when prescribed to a client with renal calculus.

C. Urinary tract infection treatment is not the primary purpose of potassium citrate. While it may have some benefits in preventing certain types of urinary tract infections associated with stones, its primary purpose is not to treat infections.

D. This is the correct answer. Potassium citrate is prescribed to help dissolve certain types of kidney stones, particularly calcium oxalate stones and uric acid stones. It works by increasing the pH of the urine, making it more alkaline and less conducive to stone formation.