A nurse is providing education to a client about renal calculi. The client asks, "What are renal calculi?" What is the nurse's best response?

"Renal calculi are bacterial infections in the kidneys."

"Renal calculi are kidney stones made of mineral and acid salts."

"Renal calculi are benign tumors that form in the kidneys."

"Renal calculi are blood clots that block the urinary tract."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. This is not the correct answer. Renal calculi are not bacterial infections but rather solid masses that form from mineral and acid salts in the kidneys.

B. This is the correct answer. Renal calculi, commonly known as kidney stones, are solid masses formed from mineral and acid salts that accumulate in the kidneys.

C. Renal calculi are not benign tumors. They are distinct from tumors and do not have the same characteristics.

D. Renal calculi are not blood clots. Blood clots can block the urinary tract, but they are not the same as kidney stones.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Alpha-blockers do not directly reduce inflammation in the urinary tract. They primarily work by relaxing the smooth muscle of the ureters, which can help ease the passage of kidney stones through the urinary tract.

B. Alpha-blockers do not dissolve kidney stones. They assist with stone passage by relaxing the ureters.

C. This is the correct answer. Alpha-blockers are prescribed to relax the smooth muscle of the ureters, allowing the stone to pass more easily through the urinary tract.

D. Alpha-blockers do not have a direct effect on preventing bacterial growth in the urinary tract. They are not antibiotics.

A. Increase urine output B. Dissolve existing kidney stones C. Reduce the formation of uric acid stones D. Increase the excretion of calcium

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Allopurinol does not directly increase urine output. It is not a diuretic and is not used for that purpose.

B. Allopurinol does not dissolve existing kidney stones. It is primarily used to prevent the formation of uric acid stones, not to treat existing stones.

C. This is the correct answer. Allopurinol is a medication used to reduce the production of uric acid in the body. By lowering uric acid levels, it can help prevent the formation of uric acid stones.

D. Allopurinol does not increase the excretion of calcium. It is used specifically to address uric acid levels and prevent uric acid stone formation.

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A nurse is providing education to a client about renal calculi. The client asks, "What are renal calculi?" What is the nurse's best response?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client is prescribed alpha-blockers as part of the management of renal calculi. The nurse explains that these medications can help with stone passage by:

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A client with a history of kidney stones is prescribed allopurinol. The nurse should recognize that this medication is primarily used to:

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A client asks the nurse, "How can I prevent the formation of kidney stones?" Which response by the nurse is most accurate?

A client with renal calculi asks the nurse about the most common symptom of kidney stones. What is the nurse's best response?

A nurse is providing education to a client who has been diagnosed with renal calculus. The client asks, "What causes kidney stones?" What is the nurse's best response?

A nurse is assessing a client with suspected renal calculus. Which of the following symptoms may accompany kidney stone pain if the stone causes obstruction in the urinary tract?

A nurse is teaching a client with a history of struvite stones about dietary modifications to prevent stone recurrence. Which instruction should the nurse include in the client's plan of care?

A client is scheduled to undergo extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) for the treatment of kidney stones. What should the nurse include in the preoperative education for the client?

A client with a small renal calculus is advised by the nurse to increase fluid intake. The client asks, "Why is this important?" Which response by the nurse is most accurate?

A client with recurrent kidney stones is prescribed thiazide diuretics. The nurse should recognize that these medications help prevent stone formation by: