A nurse is providing discharge teaching about the manifestations of relapse to the family of a client who has schizophrenia. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
The client begins sleeping more than usual.
The client develops an inability to concentrate.
The client exhibits an inflated sense of self.
The client increases participation in social activities.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason:
Excessive sleep or a significant change in sleep patterns can be an indicator of a relapse in schizophrenia. Schizophrenia can disrupt the regular sleep-wake cycle, leading to either insomnia or hypersomnia (excessive sleep). When a client with schizophrenia begins sleeping more than usual, it may suggest a worsening of symptoms or an impending relapse. It's essential for the nurse to include this information in the discharge teaching so that the family can monitor and seek help if the client's sleep patterns change significantly.
Choice B reason:
An inability to concentrate is another potential sign of a relapse in schizophrenia. Cognitive difficulties, including problems with concentration, are common in schizophrenia and can worsen during a relapse. This symptom can affect the client's ability to function daily and adhere to treatment plans. Therefore, it is crucial for the nurse to educate the family about this sign so they can recognize it early and consult with healthcare providers.
Choice C reason:
Exhibiting an inflated sense of self is not typically associated with schizophrenia relapse. While some individuals with schizophrenia might experience grandiose delusions, an inflated sense of self is not a common or specific sign of relapse. The family should be aware of more characteristic symptoms such as changes in sleep, concentration, mood, or behavior.
Choice D reason:
Increasing participation in social activities is generally not a sign of relapse in schizophrenia; in fact, it is often encouraged as part of the recovery process. Social withdrawal, rather than increased participation, would be more concerning and could indicate a relapse. It's important for families to support the client's social engagement as it can be beneficial for their overall well-being.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason:
Monitoring the client for splitting behaviors is important in managing paranoid personality disorder. Splitting is a defense mechanism where individuals cannot see others as having both positive and negative qualities; they are viewed as either all good or all bad. This behavior can disrupt therapeutic relationships and the treatment process. However, it is not the most constructive action to include in the plan of care.
Choice B reason:
Isolating the client from social or group interactions is not a therapeutic intervention and can be detrimental to the client's mental health. Social interactions can be challenging for individuals with paranoid personality disorder, but complete isolation is not recommended. Instead, the nurse should facilitate appropriate social interactions that do not overwhelm or trigger the client's paranoia.
Choice C reason:
Providing written information about the client's treatment plan can be very beneficial for individuals with paranoid personality disorder. It allows them to review the plan at their own pace and may help reduce feelings of suspicion or paranoia, as they have clear, documented information about their care.
Choice D reason:
Encouraging countertransference is not an appropriate action. Countertransference occurs when a healthcare provider transfers emotions to a client, often based on the provider's past experiences. This can interfere with objective care and is something to be aware of and managed, not encouraged.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason:
Writing a detailed daily activity schedule is not typically indicative of acute mania. Individuals with acute mania often have difficulty focusing and may start many projects but struggle to follow through. A detailed schedule suggests organization, which is not characteristic of mania.
Choice B reason:
Refusing to engage in conversation is not a common sign of acute mania. On the contrary, individuals experiencing mania are more likely to exhibit pressured speech, which is fast, excessive, and difficult to interrupt.
Choice C reason:
Isolating oneself from others is not a typical behavior observed in acute mania. Individuals with mania are more likely to seek out social interactions, although these may be inappropriate or excessive.
Choice D reason:
A lack of sleep is a common symptom of acute mania. Individuals experiencing mania may feel a decreased need for sleep, stay up for long periods, and still not feel tired. This can exacerbate other manic symptoms and is a key indicator of mania.
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