A nurse is providing education to a patient with HIV/AIDS. Which statement by the nurse is accurate regarding HIV prevention?

Prevention of opportunistic infections.

Choice B rationale:

Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is a standard treatment for patients with HIV. The primary goal of ART is to suppress viral replication, leading to increased CD4 cell count and improved immune function. As a result, patients on ART experience a reduced risk of developing opportunistic infections.

Choice A rationale:

An increase in viral replication is not an expected outcome of antiretroviral therapy. The goal of ART is to suppress viral replication and reduce the viral load in the patient's body.

Choice C rationale:

While antiretroviral therapy can lead to behavioral changes that may reduce risky behaviors, it is not the primary outcome or purpose of this treatment. The main focus is on viral suppression and immune restoration.

Choice D rationale:

Antiretroviral therapy does not directly promote human rights protection. However, access to appropriate medical care, including ART, is considered a human right for individuals with HIV/AIDS.

Choice A rationale:

Nucleic acid tests (NAT) are highly sensitive tests that can detect HIV infection early, but the window period stated (3-12 weeks) is not accurate. NAT can detect HIV RNA as early as 9-11 days after exposure, but it may take up to 2-6 weeks for it to be reliably detected.

Choice B rationale:

This is the correct answer. Nucleic acid tests (NAT) can detect HIV infection as early as 2-6 weeks after exposure, making it the option with the shortest window period.

Choice C rationale:

This option is incorrect. NAT can detect HIV infection earlier than the time range stated (10-33 days)

Choice D rationale:

This option is incorrect. NAT can detect HIV infection much earlier than 6 months after exposure.