A client asks the nurse about HIV testing options. Which statement made by the nurse is accurate?

"HIV testing is only recommended for high-risk individuals.”

"Testing should be done without informed consent or counseling.”

"Antibody tests are the most reliable tests for early diagnosis.”

"Nucleic acid tests (NAT) are used to detect antibodies against HIV.”

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A rationale:

HIV testing is recommended for everyone, regardless of risk factors. It is essential to identify HIV infections early, as early diagnosis and treatment can improve outcomes and prevent further transmission.

Choice B rationale:

This statement is incorrect and unethical. Informed consent and counseling are crucial before HIV testing to ensure individuals are aware of the implications of the test and the disease.

Choice C rationale:

This statement is accurate. Antibody tests are the most common and reliable tests used for the diagnosis of HIV infection. These tests detect the presence of antibodies produced by the body in response to the HIV virus.

Choice D rationale:

Nucleic acid tests (NAT) are not used to detect antibodies against HIV. Instead, NAT is used for early detection of the virus itself, not antibodies, and is typically employed in specific situations like testing donated blood or for early diagnosis during the window period before antibodies develop.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

Sharing injection equipment can transmit HIV, but it is not the main route of transmission. This mode of transmission is more associated with other blood-borne infections like Hepatitis B and C.

Choice B rationale:

Mother-to-child transmission during pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding can transmit HIV, but it is not the main route of transmission in the general population.

Choice C rationale:

Unprotected sexual intercourse is the main route for HIV transmission in the general population. Sexual contact with an infected person without using barrier methods like condoms can facilitate the spread of the virus.

Choice D rationale:

Occupational exposure to infected blood is a potential mode of transmission for healthcare workers, but it is not the main route of transmission for the general population.

Choice E rationale:

Blood transfusion from an infected donor was a significant mode of HIV transmission in the past, but extensive screening of blood donations has made this mode of transmission extremely rare.

A. Drug efficacy, safety, and tolerability. B. CD4 count and viral load. C. Availability of point-of-care testing. D. The patient's preferences and preferences. E. The number of opportunistic infections present.

Correct Answer is ["A","B","D","E"]

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

The nurse should consider drug efficacy, safety, and tolerability when selecting the appropriate ART regimen for the client. Different ART drugs have varying efficacy in suppressing viral replication, potential side effects, and interactions with other medications. This consideration helps ensure the chosen regimen is effective and well-tolerated by the client.

Choice B rationale:

CD4 count and viral load are essential factors to consider when starting ART. The CD4 count reflects the client's immune status, and the viral load indicates the level of HIV replication. These parameters help gauge disease progression and monitor the response to therapy over time.

Choice D rationale:

The patient's preferences and lifestyle should be taken into account when selecting an ART regimen. Some medications may require strict adherence schedules or specific food restrictions, and considering the patient's preferences can enhance treatment adherence and overall outcomes.

Choice E rationale:

The number of opportunistic infections present is an important consideration when starting ART. Opportunistic infections are more likely to occur in individuals with low CD4 counts and can affect the choice of ART drugs and the need for prophylactic treatments.

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A client asks the nurse about HIV testing options. Which statement made by the nurse is accurate?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is educating a group of individuals about HIV transmission. Which of the following modes of transmission is the main route for HIV to be passed from an infected person to an uninfected person?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client newly diagnosed with HIV infection and starting antiretroviral therapy (ART) Which of the following factors should the nurse consider when selecting the appropriate ART regimen for the client? Select all that apply:.

Correct Answer is ["A","B","D","E"]

Explanation

A nurse is teaching a community group about HIV subtypes. Which statement about HIV-1 and HIV-2 is correct?

(Select all that apply) A client with HIV/AIDS is receiving nursing interventions. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the patient's care plan?

A nurse is caring for a patient with HIV who is on antiretroviral therapy (ART) Which outcome should the nurse expect from this treatment?

A nurse is evaluating the outcomes of a patient's care for HIV/AIDS. Which action should the nurse take during the evaluation process?

Which of the following statements about HIV is accurate?

A nurse is counseling a newly diagnosed HIV-positive client. Which statement made by the client indicates an understanding of the disease?

A nurse is providing education to a group of clients with HIV infection about the goals of antiretroviral therapy (ART) Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching? Select all that apply:.

A nurse is caring for a client with advanced HIV disease. Which statement by the client indicates the need for further education about the opportunistic infections that define AIDS?