A nurse is providing education to adolescents about healthy food choices. A cookie has 2 g of protein, 12 g of fat, and 30 g of carbohydrates. How many calories does the cookie contain? (Round to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)

A. Cooking in a stainless-steel skillet increases the amount of iron in the food: Stainless steel does not leach iron into food. Cast iron cookware may increase iron content in food, but stainless steel has no significant impact on dietary iron levels and should not be relied upon for supplementation.
B. Drinking orange juice with iron supplements can decrease absorption: Orange juice contains vitamin C, which enhances non-heme iron absorption. It helps convert ferric iron to its more absorbable ferrous form, so this combination actually improves iron absorption rather than reducing it.
C. Drinking iced tea with meals can increase the amount of iron absorbed: Iced tea contains tannins, which bind to iron and reduce its absorption. Consuming tea with meals interferes with the body’s ability to absorb dietary non-heme iron, particularly from plant-based sources.
D. Fish and poultry are primary sources of heme iron: Heme iron is found in animal sources like fish and poultry and is more readily absorbed by the body than non-heme iron from plant sources. Including these foods supports iron intake in clients with iron-deficiency anemia.

A. "Provide a small feeding just before bedtime." Feeding just before bedtime can increase the risk of reflux during sleep due to a full stomach and recumbent positioning. It is better to allow time for digestion before lying down to reduce reflux episodes.
B. "Position the newborn at a 20-degree angle after feeding." Keeping the newborn in an upright or slightly elevated position (typically 20 to 30 degrees) after feeding helps reduce gastroesophageal reflux by using gravity to prevent stomach contents from flowing back into the esophagus.
C. "Place the newborn in a side-lying position if vomiting." Side-lying is not the recommended sleeping or resting position due to the risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). The safest position for infants is on the back, even if they have reflux.
D. "Dilute formula with 1 tablespoon of water." Diluting formula can lead to electrolyte imbalances and inadequate caloric intake. Formula should be prepared according to manufacturer or provider instructions to ensure nutritional needs are met.