A nurse is providing preoperative teaching to a client about pain management using a patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) system. Which of the following three statements should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply.)

"You should avoid using the PCA system if you feel that the pain is manageable without medication.

"The PCA system is designed with safety features to prevent you from receiving too much medication.

"The PCA system is programmed to deliver a specific dose of medication each time you press the button."

"You will be able to administer pain medication to yourself by pressing the PCA button whenever you need it."

“Family members should press the PCA button for you if you are unable to do so yourself."

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : B,C,D

A. "You should avoid using the PCA system if you feel that the pain is manageable without medication." This is misleading as the PCA system is intended for effective pain control; clients are encouraged to use it before pain becomes severe.

B. "The PCA system is designed with safety features to prevent you from receiving too much medication." This reassures clients about the system's safety features, such as lockout mechanisms that prevent overdose.

C. "The PCA system is programmed to deliver a specific dose of medication each time you press the button." This explains how the device is pre-programmed by healthcare providers to deliver a safe, therapeutic dose.

D. "You will be able to administer pain medication to yourself by pressing the PCA button whenever you need it." This empowers the client to take control of their pain management within the limits set by the PCA system.

E. "Family members should press the PCA button for you if you are unable to do so yourself." This is unsafe. Only the client should press the PCA button to avoid overmedication or dosing errors.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Flumazenil: Flumazenil is an antidote for benzodiazepines, not opioids, and is therefore not appropriate for morphine overdose.

B. Protamine: Protamine is used to reverse the effects of heparin, not opioids.

C. Neostigmine: Neostigmine is an antidote for neuromuscular blocking agents, not opioids.

D. Naloxone: Naloxone is the antidote for opioid overdose and reverses the effects of morphine, making it the correct medication to have available.

A. Instruct the family about anticipatory grieving B. Explore effective ways of family coping C. Encourage the family’s expression of their feelings D. Discuss the disease and its manifestations with family members

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Instruct the family about anticipatory grieving: While anticipatory grieving is important, it is better addressed after the family has had time to express initial feelings.

B. Explore effective ways of family coping: This is important but should come after encouraging the family to process their immediate feelings.

C. Encourage the family’s expression of their feelings. The first priority is to allow the family to express their emotions and begin the grieving process. Encouraging emotional expression helps the family cope with the overwhelming news and facilitates their emotional support needs.

D. Discuss the disease and its manifestations with family members: While understanding the disease is essential, focusing on the family's emotional response is more critical at this initial stage of shock and grief.

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A nurse is providing preoperative teaching to a client about pain management using a patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) system. Which of the following three statements should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply.)

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