A nurse is providing teaching about phenylketonuria (PKU) testing to the parent of a newborn. Which of the following statements by the parent indicates a need for additional teaching?

“My baby will be placed under special lights if the test result is positive.”

“This test checks for a genetic disorder that can be managed by diet.”

“Sometimes the test is repeated in the doctor’s office at the baby’s 2-week check-up.”

“My baby needs to be on formula or breast milk before the test can be done.”

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A Reason:

The statement “My baby will be placed under special lights if the test result is positive” indicates a need for additional teaching. This statement is incorrect because special lights are used for treating jaundice, not phenylketonuria (PKU). PKU is a genetic disorder that requires dietary management, not light therapy. If a newborn tests positive for PKU, the treatment involves a special diet low in phenylalanine to prevent the buildup of this amino acid in the body, which can cause brain damage and other serious health issues.

Choice B Reason:

The statement “This test checks for a genetic disorder that can be managed by diet” is correct. PKU is indeed a genetic disorder that can be managed through a strict diet low in phenylalanine. This diet helps prevent the accumulation of phenylalanine in the body, which can lead to intellectual disabilities and other health problems. Therefore, this statement does not indicate a need for additional teaching.

Choice C Reason:

The statement “Sometimes the test is repeated in the doctor’s office at the baby’s 2-week check-up” is also correct. It is common practice to repeat the PKU test if the initial test was done before the baby was 24 hours old. This ensures accurate results and helps in early detection and management of the disorder. Hence, this statement does not indicate a need for additional teaching.

Choice D Reason:

The statement “My baby needs to be on formula or breast milk before the test can be done” is accurate. For the PKU test to be effective, the baby needs to have ingested some protein from breast milk or formula. This is because the test measures the level of phenylalanine in the blood, which comes from protein intake. Therefore, this statement does not indicate a need for additional teaching.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A Reason:

The statement “Loss of privacy” is a concern for many adolescents, especially when they are hospitalized or undergoing medical treatments. However, it is not the most common behavior associated with scoliosis surgery. Adolescents may feel uncomfortable with the lack of privacy during hospital stays, but this is generally a secondary concern compared to issues related to body image.

Choice B Reason:

The statement “Identity crisis” refers to the struggle adolescents may face in defining who they are. While scoliosis and its treatment can contribute to an identity crisis, it is not the primary concern. Adolescents are more likely to experience an identity crisis due to a combination of factors, including social, emotional, and developmental changes.

Choice C Reason:

The statement “Body image changes” is correct. Adolescents with scoliosis often experience significant concerns about their appearance due to the curvature of their spine. This can be exacerbated by the visible effects of wearing a brace or undergoing surgery3. Body image issues are prevalent among adolescents with scoliosis, as they may feel self-conscious about their physical appearance and how others perceive them.

Choice D Reason:

The statement “Feelings of displacement” can occur in adolescents undergoing medical treatments, as they may feel out of place or disconnected from their usual environment. However, this is not the most common behavior associated with scoliosis surgery. Feelings of displacement are more likely to be a secondary issue compared to the primary concern of body image changes

A. Allow for imaginative play with peers without supervision. B. Establish a reward system for positive behavior. C. Provide a flexible schedule that adjusts to the child’s interests. D. Allow for adjustment of rules to correlate with the child’s behavior.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A Reason:

Allowing for imaginative play with peers without supervision is not advisable for children with autism spectrum disorder. These children often require structured environments and close supervision to ensure their safety and to help them navigate social interactions. Unsupervised play can lead to misunderstandings, conflicts, or even safety issues. Therefore, this choice is not suitable for the plan of care.

Choice B Reason:

Establishing a reward system for positive behavior is an effective intervention for children with autism spectrum disorder. Positive reinforcement helps in encouraging desirable behaviors and can significantly improve the child’s ability to follow routines and engage in appropriate social interactions. Reward systems can be tailored to the child’s preferences and can include tangible rewards, praise, or other forms of positive reinforcement. This approach is widely supported by research and is considered a best practice in managing behaviors in children with autism.

Choice C Reason:

Providing a flexible schedule that adjusts to the child’s interests may seem beneficial, but it can actually be counterproductive for children with autism spectrum disorder. These children often thrive on routine and predictability. A flexible schedule can create confusion and anxiety, making it difficult for the child to understand what is expected of them. Consistent routines help in reducing anxiety and improving the child’s ability to function in various settings.

Choice D Reason:

Allowing for adjustment of rules to correlate with the child’s behavior is not recommended. Consistent and clear rules are essential for children with autism spectrum disorder. Adjusting rules based on behavior can lead to inconsistency, which can be confusing and stressful for the child. It is important to establish and maintain clear expectations to help the child understand boundaries and develop appropriate behaviors.

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A nurse is providing teaching about phenylketonuria (PKU) testing to the parent of a newborn. Which of the following statements by the parent indicates a need for additional teaching?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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