A nurse is providing teaching about the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet to a client who has hypertension. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

"Limit sodium intake to 3,200 milligrams per day."

"Consume foods that are high in calcium."

"Consume ten percent of total calories from saturated fat."

"Increase intake of refined carbohydrates."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

The correct answer is choice B. “Consume foods that are high in calcium.”

Choice A rationale:

The DASH diet recommends limiting sodium intake to no more than 2,300 milligrams per day, and ideally to 1,500 milligrams per day for greater blood pressure reduction. Therefore, 3,200 milligrams per day is too high.

Choice B rationale:

Consuming foods high in calcium is part of the DASH diet, which emphasizes the intake of fruits, vegetables, and low-fat dairy products to help lower blood pressure.

Choice C rationale:

The DASH diet advises reducing saturated fat intake to less than 6% of total daily calories. Ten percent is higher than recommended.

Choice D rationale:

The DASH diet encourages the consumption of whole grains and discourages refined carbohydrates, which can contribute to higher blood pressure and other health issues.

: WebMD - DASH Diet Foods for High Blood Pressure

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale:
Serum potassium at 4.8 mEq/L is within the normal range (typically around 3.5-5.0 mEq/L), but potassium levels are not the primary concern when assessing the effectiveness of a phosphate binder for end-stage renal disease.
Choice B rationale:
This choice is the correct answer. Total calcium levels around 9.7 mg/dL (normal range approximately 8.5-10.2 mg/dL) are important indicators of the effectiveness of a phosphate binder. These levels reflect the balance between calcium and phosphate in the body, which is crucial for bone health and various physiological functions.
Choice C rationale:
Sodium at 136 mEq/L (normal range approximately 135-145 mEq/L) is within the normal range but is not a direct indicator of the effectiveness of a phosphate binder for end-stage renal disease.
Choice D rationale:
Hemoglobin at 15 g/dL (normal range varies by gender and age but is roughly 12-16 g/dL for adult females and 14-18 g/dL for adult males) is not related to the effectiveness of a phosphate binder. Hemoglobin levels reflect the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood and are more relevant in assessing anemia or other blood-related conditions.

A. A client whose hematocrit is 42%. B. A client whose RBC count is 5.2 million/mm3. C. A client whose ferritin level is 8 ng/mL. D. A client whose hemoglobin is 15 g/dL.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale:
A client whose hematocrit is 42% (Choice A) falls within the normal range for hematocrit values, which is typically around 37-52% for adult women and 40-54% for adult men. While low hematocrit values can indicate anemia, a value of 42% is not indicative of iron-deficiency anemia on its own.
Choice B rationale:
A client whose RBC count is 5.2 million/mm3 (Choice B) is within the normal range for red blood cell counts, which is roughly 4.5-5.5 million/mm3 for adult women and 4.5-6.1 million/mm3 for adult men. Although low RBC counts can be associated with anemia, the value provided is not suggestive of iron-deficiency anemia without further context.
Choice C rationale:
A client whose ferritin level is 8 ng/mL (Choice C) is the correct choice. Ferritin is a protein that stores iron, and low levels of ferritin are a strong indicator of iron-deficiency anemia. Ferritin levels less than 12 ng/mL are often considered indicative of depleted iron stores.
Choice D rationale:
A client whose hemoglobin is 15 g/dL (Choice D) falls within the normal range for hemoglobin values, which is typically around 12-15.5 g/dL for adult women and 13.5-17.5 g/dL for adult men. While low hemoglobin can suggest anemia, a value of 15 g/dL is not indicative of iron-deficiency anemia on its own.

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A nurse is providing teaching about the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet to a client who has hypertension. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is reviewing the laboratory values for a client who is receiving a phosphate binder with meals for end-stage renal disease. Which of the following values should indicate to the nurse that the treatment is effective?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is reviewing the laboratory values of four clients. Which of the following values indicates to the nurse that a client has iron-deficiency anemia?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is providing teaching about natural food sources that contain folate to a client who plans to become pregnant. The nurse should identify which of the following foods contains the highest amount of folate.

A nurse is reviewing the medication administration record for a client who is 2 days postoperative following abdominal surgery. The nurse should recognize which of the following medications places the client at risk for wound dehiscence.

A nurse is planning eating strategies with a client who has nausea from equilibrium imbalance. Which of the following strategies should the nurse recommend?

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has cholecystitis about required dietary modifications. The nurse should include which of the following foods as appropriate for the client's diet.

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