A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The nurse should recognize that the client understands the teaching when he identifies which of the following as manifestations of hypoglycemia? (Select all that apply.)
Tachycardia
Moist clammy skin
Polydipsia
Blurred vision
Polyuria
Correct Answer : A,B,D
A. Tachycardia - This is an increased heart rate, which can occur in response to low blood sugar levels.
B. Moist clammy skin - Sweating and clamminess are common symptoms of hypoglycemia.
C. Polydipsia - This is excessive thirst, which is not typically a manifestation of hypoglycemia. It is more commonly associated with hyperglycemia (high blood sugar levels).
D. Blurred vision - This can occur when the eyes are not receiving enough glucose due to low blood sugar levels.
E. Polyuria - This is excessive urination, which is not typically a manifestation of hypoglycemia. It is more commonly associated with hyperglycemia.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Incorrect. Palpitations, which are rapid or irregular heartbeats, are more commonly associated with hyperthyroidism, where there is an excess of thyroid hormones.
B. Incorrect. Diaphoresis, or excessive sweating, is not typically associated with hypothyroidism.
C. Incorrect. Exophthalmos, or bulging of the eyes, is a characteristic finding in hyperthyroidism (specifically Graves' disease) and is not typically seen in hypothyroidism.
D. Correct. Weight gain is a common finding in hypothyroidism. The slowing down of metabolic processes due to insufficient thyroid hormones can lead to an increase in body weight.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Incorrect. Withholding insulin during illness is not recommended. Clients with type 1 diabetes should continue to take their prescribed insulin even when they are ill. Insulin is necessary to regulate blood glucose levels, and illness can increase the body's demand for insulin.
B. Incorrect. Drinking calorie-free liquids is important to prevent dehydration during illness, but specific fluid amounts should be individualized based on the client's needs and healthcare provider's recommendations. The given volume is not a universally applicable guideline.
C. Incorrect. Testing blood glucose levels every 8 hours may not be frequent enough during illness. Blood glucose should be monitored more frequently to closely track changes in response to illness and adjust insulin doses accordingly.
D. Correct. Checking urine for ketones when blood glucose levels exceed 240 mg/dL is an important guideline during illness. Elevated blood glucose levels can lead to the production of ketones, and checking for ketones in the urine helps identify the early signs of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). If ketones are present, the client should follow a specific plan of action as outlined by their healthcare provider, which may include adjusting insulin doses or seeking medical attention.
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